Abstract: Despite the burgeoning number of studies on Artificial Intelligence (AI), there hasn't been a systematic and comprehensive understanding of its impact on employee psychology and behavioral outcomes. Based on 64 domestic and foreign studies (N = 150), a meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between AI application and employee outcomes. The results found that AI application had a significant positive correlation with positive psychology such as work engagement, organizational commitment, and work happiness, as well as the positive correlation with positive behaviors such as knowledge sharing, digital innovation, and job crafting. However, this meta-analysis also found a positive relationship between AI application and employees' negative psychology such as anxiety, turnover intention, and job insecurity, as well as negative behaviors such as knowledge hiding, withdrawal behavior, and service destruction. Further, this study examined the moderating effects of the type of AI application, the type of industry and the measurement method of AI application. The data results showed that, the application of AI in the workplace is a double-edged sword, which can enrich employees' psychological resources as technical support and stimulate positive behaviors, but also threaten employees to consume psychological resources and cause negative behaviors. Under the theoretical framework of Job Demand-Resource model, this meta-analysis provides a comprehensive and reliable conclusion for the impact of AI application on individual work outcomes, and also offers theoretical references and practical guidance for future research.

Key words: Key words: workplace, Artificial Intelligence applications, positive behavior and psychology, negative behavior and psychology, meta-analysis