ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 86-91.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

认知老化与脑：HAROLD模型之争

付艳;王大华   

  1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所，北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-05 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-15 发布日期:2009-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 王大华

Cognitive Aging and the Brain: HAROLD Model Debate

FU Yan;WANG Da-Hua   

  1. Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2008-05-05 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-15 Published:2009-01-15
  • Contact: WANG Da-Hua

PDF (PC)

1294

摘要： HAROLD模型（Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults）是指与年轻人相比，老年人在完成某些认知任务时大脑激活呈现出非对称性减弱的现象。该模型自提出以来就引发了很多质疑和研究，近几年来又有一系列的研究分别从不同角度提供了支持该模型的证据，它们包括记忆研究领域、抑制研究领域、语言认知研究领域、感觉动作研究领域和脑神经研究领域。同时也存在明显不支持该模型的研究证据，主要体现为对补偿说的批驳。通过对支持该模型和不支持该模型两方面脑成像研究成果的文献分析，发现HAROLD模型可能是一个任务特异性模型；除补偿说之外，还有其他可能的观点能够解释功能性脑成像的年龄差异；对脑激活定义的进一步明确化有助于澄清相关的争论

关键词: 认知老化, HAROLD, 补偿说, 脑成像

Abstract: HAROLD model (Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults) refers to the phenomenon that brain activation during cognitive performance tends to be less lateralized in older adults than in younger adults. Since the proposal of the model, a lot of studies have been elicited. In recent years, a series of studies have provided much evidence in support of this model from different fields, such as memory, inhibition, language, sense-motor process and brain structure. However, other studies have argued against the model, in particular its explanation of the compensation hypothesis. By analyzing the literatures in light of these two aspects, it is suggested that HAROLD is a task-specific model and that other hypotheses other than the compensation view can also explain the age-related differences in functional brain imaging. A unified operational definition of brain activation could be useful in further clarifying these issues

Key words: cognitive aging, HAROLD, compensation hypothesis, brain imaging

中图分类号: