ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 832-842.

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

数量表征的符号特异性和符号非特异性

王琦;李红;张丽;陈雪梅   

  1. 认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 西南大学心理学院, 重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2010-12-27 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-06-15 发布日期:2011-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 张丽

Notation-dependent and Notation-independent Representation of Numerical Magnitude

WANG Qi;LI Hong;ZHANG Li;CHEN Xue-Mei   

  1. Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality(MOE), School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2010-12-27 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-06-15 Published:2011-06-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Li

摘要: 数量表征(numerical representation)指与特定数量相联系的心理表征。长期以来抽象的数量表征假说占据主导地位, 但随着自动化加工范式和脑成像技术的发展, 数量表征存在符号特异性的证据已不断涌现。其中, 最近有两个理论认为数量表征可能同时存在符号特异性和符号非特异性。计算的模型假说提出非符号数量和符号数字在总和编码阶段具有符号特异性, 而在之后的位置编码阶段具有符号非特异性。双重编码的延伸假说则认为数量表征在自动编码阶段具有符号特异性, 然后在有意编码阶段, 受任务要求影响, 数量表征向实时的抽象表征过渡。已有大量行为和神经基础研究为以上假说提供了证据, 但数量表征动态变化的内在机制和脑区还有待探索, 未来应该在发展、跨文化、自动加工范式与神经成像相结合、单细胞记录技术等方向继续开展数量表征研究。

关键词: 数量表征, 抽象表征, 符号非特异性, 符号特异性, 自动化加工

Abstract: Numerical representation refers to the mental representation of a given number. Though the perspective of abstract representation has predominated for a long time, recent evidence shows the notation-dependent representation of number with the development of automatic processing paradigms and brain imaging techniques. There were two theories which assumed that the notation-independent and notation-dependent representations might coexist in the number processing. The computational model proposed that the summation coding was notation-dependent, whereas the place coding was notation-independent for both non-symbolic and symbolic number. The extension of dual code theory suggested that numerical information was represented internally by way of automatic and intentional codes. In the first stage, there was an automatic activation of the numerical quantity that was notation-dependent in the Intraparietal sulcus (IPS). Then the representation could be transferred to an on-line abstract representation on demands of tasks at the stage of intentional code. Although those assumptions were supported by extensive behavioral and neuropsychological studies, the internal mechanism and cortex of the dynamic change of numerical representation are still open questions. More attention should be devoted to numerical representation in many aspects in the future, such as developmental studies, cross-culture studies, the combination of automatic processing paradigms and neural imaging techniques, and single cell recording techniques.

Key words: numerical representation, abstract representation, notation-independent, notation-dependent, automatic processing