推理判断中双重加工过程的协作与转换机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.01794

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

推理判断中双重加工理论的发展经历了不同发展阶段, 早期主要对两个加工过程的定义及特征的关注, 当前转向对两者间的协作及转换机制的研究。本研究梳理了双重加工过程协作及转换机制的代表性模型及其相关实验支持证据, 综合归纳为以下三类模型：序列加工模型(Serial processing model)、平行竞争模型(Parallel competitive model)以及混合模型(Hybrid model), 并比较和论述了三类模型在两个加工过程的转换和协作机制、冲突探查的加工机制、偏差反应的解释机制上的异同, 以及三类模型各自面临的问题。

关键词: 双重加工, 序列加工模型, 平行竞争加工模型, 混合加工模型

Abstract:

Theories about dual processing in reasoning and judgment have gone through different stages of development, and the focus on the definition and characteristics of the two processing processes in the early stage has turned to the study of the cooperation and transformation mechanism between the two at present. This study sorts out the representative models of the collaboration and transformation mechanism and its related experimental support evidence in the dual processing process, and summarizes the following three models: serial processing model, parallel competitive model and hybrid model. This study proceeds to compare and discuss the problems faced by the three models respectively as well as the differences and similarities between the three models in their interpretations of the transformation and cooperation mechanism between the two processing processes, the processing mechanism of conflict detection, and bias response.

Key words: dual processing, serial processing model, parallel competitive model, hybrid model

艾炎, 胡竹菁. (2018). 推理判断中双重加工过程的协作与转换机制. 心理科学进展 , 26(10), 1794-1806.

AI Yan, HU Zhujing. (2018). The cooperation and transformation mechanism of dual processing in reasoning and judgment. Advances in Psychological Science, 26(10), 1794-1806.

图/表 8

参考文献 85

1	胡竹菁, 胡笑羽 . ( 2012). Evans双重加工理论的发展过程简要述评. 心理学探新, 32( 4), 310-316. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5184.2012.04.004 URL
2	姚志强, 李亚非 . ( 2016). 逻辑-信念冲突与推理难度对逻辑和信念判断的影响. 心理科学, 39( 1), 36-42.
3	Banks A. P., & Hope, C. ( 2014). Heuristic and analytic processes in reasoning: An event-related potential study of belief bias. Psychophysiology, 51( 3), 290-297. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12169 URL pmid: 25003167
4	Barbey A. K., & Sloman, S. A . ( 2007). Base-rate respect: From ecological rationality to dual processes. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 30( 3), 241-254.
5	Barr N., Pennycook G., Stolz J. A., & Fugelsang J. A . ( 2015). Reasoned connections: A dual-process perspective on creative thought. Thinking & Reasoning, 21( 1), 61-75. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2014.895915 URL
6	Barrouillet P., ( 2011). Dual-process theories and cognitive development: Advances and challenges. Developmental Review, 31( 2-3), 79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.002 URL
7	Beevers, C. G . ( 2005). Cognitive vulnerability to depression: A dual process model. Clinical Psychology Review, 25( 7), 975-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.03.003 URL
8	Bhatia S., ( 2017). Conflict and bias in heuristic judgment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43( 2), 319-325. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000307 URL pmid: 27685023
9	Chaiken S. , & Trope, Y.( 1999) . Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford Press.
10	De Neys W. , ( 2006). Automatic-heuristic and executive- analytic processing during reasoning: Chronometric and dual-task considerations. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59( 6), 1070-1100. doi: 10.1080/02724980543000123 URL
11	De Neys W. , ( 2012). Bias and conflict: A case for logical intuitions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7( 1), 28-38. doi: 10.1177/1745691611429354 URL
12	De Neys W. , ( 2014). Conflict detection, dual processes, and logical intuitions: Some clarifications. Thinking & Reasoning, 20( 2), 169-187.
13	De Neys W., Cromheeke S., & Osman M . ( 2011). Biased but in doubt: Conflict and decision confidence. PLoS One, 6( 1), e15954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015954 URL pmid: 21283574
14	De Neys W., , & Glumicic, T. ( 2008). Conflict monitoring in dual process theories of thinking. Cognition, 106( 3), 1248-1299. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.06.002 URL pmid: 17631876
15	De Neys W., Rossi S., & Houdé O . ( 2013). Bats, balls, and substitution sensitivity: Cognitive misers are no happy fools. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20( 2), 269-273. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0384-5 URL pmid: 23417270
16	De Neys W., Vartanian O., & Goel V . ( 2008). Smarter than we think: When our brains detect that we are biased. Psychological Science, 19( 5), 483-489. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02113.x URL
17	Epstein S., ( 1973). The self-concept revisited or a theory of a theory . American Psychologist 28( 5), 404-416. doi: 10.1037/h0034679 URL pmid: 4703058
18	Epstein S., ( 1994). Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious. American Psychologist, 49( 8), 709-724. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.49.8.709 URL
19	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 1984). Heuristic and analytic processes in reasoning. British Journal of Psychology, 75( 4), 451-468. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1984.tb01915.x URL
20	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 1989). Bias in human reasoning: Causes and consequences. Lawrence Erlbaum.
21	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2003). In two minds: Dual-process accounts of reasoning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7( 10), 454-459. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2003.08.012 URL pmid: 14550493
22	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2006). The heuristic-analytic theory of reasoning: Extension and evaluation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13( 3), 378-395. doi: 10.3758/BF03193858 URL pmid: 17048720
23	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2007). On the resolution of conflict in dual process theories of reasoning. Thinking & Reasoning, 13( 4), 321-339. doi: 10.1080/13546780601008825 URL
24	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2008). Dual-processing accounts of reasoning, judgment, and social cognition. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 255-278. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093629 URL pmid: 18154502
25	Evans, J. St B. T.. ( 2009) . How many dual-process theories do we need? One, two, or many? In J. St. B. T. Evans & K. Frankish (Eds.), In two minds: Dual processes and beyond (pp. 33-54). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230167.003.0002 URL
26	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2010). Intuition and reasoning: A dual- process perspective. Psychological Inquiry, 21( 4), 313-326. doi: 10.1080/1047840X.2010.521057 URL
27	Evans, J. St. B. T . ( 2011). Dual-process theories of reasoning: Contemporary issues and developmental applications. Developmental Review, 31( 2-3), 86-102. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.007 URL
28	Evans J. St. B. T., & Curtis-Holmes, J. ( 2005). Rapid responding increases belief bias: Evidence for the dual- process theory of reasoning. Thinking & Reasoning, 11( 4), 382-389. doi: 10.1080/13546780542000005 URL
29	Evans, J. St. B. T ., & Over, D. E.( 1996). Rationality and reasoning. Hove, England: Psychology Press.
30	Evans J. St. B. T., Venn S., & Feeney A . ( 2002). Implicit and explicit processes in a hypothesis testing task. British Journal of Psychology, 93, 31-46. doi: 10.1348/000712602162436 URL pmid: 11839100
31	Evans J. St. B. T., & Stanovich, K. E . ( 2013 a). Dual-process theories of higher cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8( 3), 223-241. doi: 10.1177/1745691612460685 URL
32	Evans J. St. B. T., & Stanovich, K. E . ( 2013 b). Theory and metatheory in the study of dual processing: Reply to comments. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8( 3), 263-271. doi: 10.1177/1745691613483774 URL
33	Franssens S., & De Neys, W. (2009). The effortless nature of conflict detection during thinking. Thinking & Reasoning, 15( 2), 105-128. doi: 10.1080/13546780802711185 URL
34	Frey D., Johnson E. D., & De Neys W . ( 2018). Individual differences in conflict detection during reasoning. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71( 5), 1188-1208. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1313283 URL
35	Gigerenzer G., & Regier, T. ( 1996). How do we tell an association from a rule? Comment on Sloman (1996). Psychological Bulletin, 119( 1), 23-26. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.23 URL
36	Goel V., ( 2007). Anatomy of deductive reasoning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11( 10), 435-441. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.09.003 URL
37	Goel V., & Dolan, R. J . ( 2003). Explaining modulation of reasoning by belief. Cognition, 87( 1), B11-B22. doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(02)00185-3 URL pmid: 12499108
38	Gubbins E., & Byrne, R. M. J . ( 2014). Dual processes of emotion and reason in judgments about moral dilemmas. Thinking & Reasoning, 20( 2), 245-268. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2013.877400 URL
39	Hammond K. R. (1996). Human judgment and social policy. Oxford University Press..
40	Handley S. J., Newstead S. E., & Trippas D . ( 2011). Logic, beliefs, and instruction: A test of the default interventionist account of belief bias. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 37( 1), 28-43. doi: 10.1037/a0021098 URL pmid: 21058879
41	Handley S. J., & Trippas, D. ( 2015). Dual processes and the interplay between knowledge and structure: A new parallel processing model. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 62, 33-58. doi: 10.1016/bs.plm.2014.09.002 URL
42	Johnson E. D., Tubau E., & De Neys W . (2016). The doubting system 1: Evidence for automatic substitution sensitivity. Acta Psychogica, 164, 56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.12.008 URL pmid: 26722837
43	Johnson-Laird, P. N.( 1983). Mental models: Towards a cognitive science of language, inference and consciousness. Harvard University Press.
44	Kahneman D., ( 2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
45	Kahneman D. , & Frederick, S.( 2005) . A model of heuristic judgment. In K. J. Holyoak & R. G. Morrison (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning (pp. 267-293). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
46	Keren G., ( 2013). A tale of two systems: A scientific advance or a theoretical stone soup? Commentary on evans stanovich. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8( 3), 257-262. doi: 10.1177/1745691613483474 URL
47	Keren G., & Schul, Y. ( 2009). Two is not always better than one: A critical evaluation of two-system theories. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4( 6), 533-550. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01164.x URL
48	Klein G., ( 1998). Sources of power: How people make decisions. MIT Press.
49	Klein G., ( 2015). A naturalistic decision making perspective on studying intuitive decision making. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4( 3), 164-168. doi: 10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.07.001 URL
50	Kokis J. V., Macpherson R., Toplak M. E., West R. F., & Stanovich K. E . ( 2002). Heuristic and analytic processing: Age trends and associations with cognitive ability and cognitive styles. Joural of Experimental Child Psychology, 83( 1), 26-52. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0965(02)00121-2 URL
51	Kruglanski, A. W . ( 2013). Only one? The default interventionist perspective as a unimodel—Commentary on Evans & Stanovich (2013). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8( 3), 242-247. doi: 10.1177/1745691613483477 URL
52	Kruglanski A. W., & Gigerenzer, G. ( 2011). Intuitive and deliberate judgments are based on common principles. Psychological Review, 118( 1), 97-109. doi: 10.1037/a0020762 URL
53	Levinson S. C. ( 1995). Interactional biases in human thinking. In E. Goody (Ed. ), Social intelligence and interaction (pp. 221-260). Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511621710.014 URL
54	Liang P. P., Goel V., Jia X. Q., & Li K. C . ( 2014). Different neural systems contribute to semantic bias and conflict detection in the inclusion fallacy task. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 797.
55	Lieberman, M. D . ( 2007). Social cognitive neuroscience: A review of core processes. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 259-289. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085654 URL
56	Markovits H., Brisson J ., & de Chantal, P. L.( 2015). Additional evidence for a dual-strategy model of reasoning: Probabilistic reasoning is more invariant than reasoning about logical validity. Memory & Cognition, 43( 8), 1208-1215.
57	Markovits H., Brisson J., de Chantal P. L., & Thompson V. A . ( 2017). Interactions between inferential strategies and belief bias. Memory & Cognition, 45( 7), 1182-1192. doi: 10.3758/s13421-017-0723-2 URL pmid: 28608194
58	Markovits H., Brunet M.-L., Thompson V., & Brisson J . ( 2013). Direct evidence for a dual process model of deductive inference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39( 4), 1213-1222. doi: 10.1037/a0030906 URL pmid: 23206167
59	Markovits H., Forgues H. L., & Brunet M. L . ( 2012). More evidence for a dual-process model of conditional reasoning. Memory & Cognition, 40( 5), 736-747. doi: 10.3758/s13421-012-0186-4 URL pmid: 22287219
60	Osman M., ( 2004). An evaluation of dual-process theories of reasoning. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11( 6), 988-1010. doi: 10.3758/BF03196730 URL pmid: 15875969
61	Osman M., ( 2013). A case study: Dual-process theories of higher cognition—Commentary on Evans & Stanovich (2013). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8( 3), 248-252. doi: 10.1177/1745691613483475 URL
62	Pennycook G., ( 2017). A perspective on the theoretical foundation of dual-process models. In W. De Neys (Ed.), Dual process theory 2.0 . New York, NY: Psychology Press.
63	Pennycook G., Cheyne J. A., Barr N., Koehler D. J., & Fugelsang J. A . ( 2014). Cognitive style and religiosity: The role of conflict detection. Memory and Cognition, 42( 1), 1-10. doi: 10.3758/s13421-013-0340-7 URL pmid: 23784742
64	Pennycook G., Cheyne J. A., Seli P., Koehler D. J., & Fugelsang J. A . ( 2012). Analytic cognitive style predicts religious and paranormal belief. Cognition, 123( 3), 335-346. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2012.03.003 URL pmid: 22481051
65	Pennycook G., Fugelsang J. A., & Koehler D. J . ( 2012). Are we good at detecting conflict during reasoning? Cognition, 124( 1), 101-106. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2012.04.004 URL pmid: 22575046
66	Pennycook G., Fugelsang J. A., & Koehler D. J . ( 2015). What makes us think? A three-stage dual-process model of analytic engagement. Cognitive Psychology, 80, 34-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.05.001 URL pmid: 26091582
67	Pennycook G., & Thompson, V. A . ( 2012). Reasoning with base rates is routine, relatively effortless, and context dependent. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 19( 3), 528-534. doi: 10.3758/s13423-012-0249-3 URL pmid: 22427266
68	Pennycook G., Trippas D., Handley S. J., & Thompson V. A . ( 2014). Base rates: Both neglected and intuitive. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40( 2), 544-554. doi: 10.1037/a0034887 URL pmid: 24219086
69	Pollock J. L. ( 1991). OSCAR: A general theory of rationality. In R. Cummins & J. L. Pollock (Eds.), Philosophy and AI: Essays at the interface (pp. 189-213). Cambridge, MA, US: The MIT Press. doi: 10.1080/09528138908953702 URL
70	Posner, M. I. & Snyder, C. R. R . ( 1975). Attention and cognitive control. In Robert L. Solso (Ed.),Information Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium. Lawrence Erlbaum.
71	Prado J., Kaliuzhna M., Cheylus A., & Noveck I. A . ( 2008). Overcoming perceptual features in logical reasoning: An event-related potentials study. Neuropsychologia, 46( 11), 2629-2637. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.04.017 URL pmid: 18541277
72	Pyszczynski T., Greenberg J., & Solomon S . ( 1999). A dual-process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thoughts: An extension of terror management theory. Psychological Review, 106( 4), 835-845. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.835 URL
73	Scherer L. D., Yates J. F., Baker S. G., & Valentine K. D . ( 2017). The influence of effortful thought and cognitive proficiencies on the conjunction fallacy: Implications for dual-process theories of reasoning and judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43( 6), 874-887. doi: 10.1177/0146167217700607 URL
74	Shiffrin, R. M. & Schneider W. , (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review 84( 2), 127-90.
75	Sloman, S. A . ( 1996). The empirical case for two systems of reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 119( 1), 3-22. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.3 URL
76	Sloman, S. A . ( 2014). Two systems of reasoning: An update. In J. W. Sherman, B. Gawronski, & Y. Trope (Eds.),Dual-process theories of the social mind (pp. 69-79). New York: Guilford Press
77	Stanovich K. E., & West, R. F . ( 2000). Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate?. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23( 5), 645-665. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X00003435 URL
78	Stollstorff M., Vartanian O., & Goel V . ( 2012). Levels of conflict in reasoning modulate right lateral prefrontal cortex. Brain Research, 1428, 24-32. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.045 URL pmid: 21684531
79	Stupple E. J. N., & Ball, L. J . ( 2008). Belief-logic conflict resolution in syllogistic reasoning: Inspection-time evidence for a parallel-process model. Thinking & Reasoning, 14( 2), 168-181.
80	Toplak M. E., West R. F., & Stanovich K. E . ( 2014). Assessing miserly information processing: An expansion of the Cognitive Reflection Test. Thinking & Reasoning, 20( 2), 147-168. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2013.844729 URL
81	Trippas D., Handley S. J., Verde M. F., & Morsanyi K . ( 2016). Logic brightens my day: Evidence for implicit sensitivity to logical validity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42( 9), 1448-1457. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000248 URL pmid: 26889685
82	Trippas D., Thompson V. A., & Handley S. J . ( 2017). When fast logic meets slow belief: Evidence for a parallel- processing model of belief bias. Memory & Cognition, 45( 4), 539-552. doi: 10.3758/s13421-016-0680-1 URL pmid: 28028779
83	Thompson V. A., & Johnson, S. C . ( 2014). Conflict, metacognition, and analytic thinking. Thinking & Reasoning, 20( 2), 215-244. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2013.869763 URL
84	Thompson V. A., & Morsany, K. ( 2012). Analytic thinking: Do you feel like it? Mind & Society, 11( 1), 93-105. doi: 10.1007/s11299-012-0100-6 URL
85	Thompson V. A., Turner J. A. P., Pennycook G., Ball L. J., Brack H., Ophir Y., & Ackerman R . ( 2013). The role of answer fluency and perceptual fluency as metacognitive cues for initiating analytic thinking. Cognition, 128( 2), 237-251. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2012.09.012 URL

双重加工理论提出者	T1	T2
Posner & Snyder (1975)	自动激活系统(automatic activation system)	意识加工系统(conscious processing system)
Shiffrin & Schneider (1977)	自动加工过程(automatic processing)	控制加工过程(controlled processing)
Johnson-Laird (1983)	内隐推理(implicit inferences)	外显推理(explicit inferences)
Evans (1984, 1989)	启发式过程(heuristic processing)	分析式过程(analytic processing)
Pollock (1991)	快速和灵活模块(quick and inflexible modules)	智力(intellection)
Reber (1993)	内隐认知 (implicit cognition)	外显学习(explicit learning)
Epstein (1973, 1994)	经验系统(experiential system)	理性系统(rational system)
Levinson (1995)	交互智力(interactional intelligence)	分析智力(analytic intelligence)
Sloman (1996)	联想系统(associative system)	规则系统(rule-based system)
Evans & Over (1996)	内隐思维过程(tacit thought processes)	外显思维过程(explicit thought processes)
Hammond (1996)	直觉认知(intuitive cognition)	分析认知(analytical cognition)
Klein (1998)	预先认知决策(recognition-primed decisions)	理性选择策略(rational choice strategy)
Stanovich & West (2000)	系统1 (System 1)	系统2 (System 2)
De Neys (2006)	自动启发式加工(Automatic-heuristic processing)	执行分析式加工(executive-analytic processing)
Evans (2011)	直觉加工(Intuitive processing)	反思性加工(Reflective processing)
特征	联想的(associative)	以规则为基础的(rule-based)
	整体性(holistic)	分析性(analytic)
	自动的(automatic)	控制性的(controlled)
	不需要认知能力(relatively undemanding of cognitive capacity)	需要认知能力(demanding of cognitive capacity)
	快速的(relatively fast)	缓慢的(relatively slow)
	通过生理、暴露和个体经验获得(acquisition by biology, exposure, and personal experience)	通过文化和形式指导获得(acquisition by cultural and formal tuition)

双重加工理论提出者	T1	T2
Posner & Snyder (1975)	自动激活系统(automatic activation system)	意识加工系统(conscious processing system)
Shiffrin & Schneider (1977)	自动加工过程(automatic processing)	控制加工过程(controlled processing)
Johnson-Laird (1983)	内隐推理(implicit inferences)	外显推理(explicit inferences)
Evans (1984, 1989)	启发式过程(heuristic processing)	分析式过程(analytic processing)
Pollock (1991)	快速和灵活模块(quick and inflexible modules)	智力(intellection)
Reber (1993)	内隐认知 (implicit cognition)	外显学习(explicit learning)
Epstein (1973, 1994)	经验系统(experiential system)	理性系统(rational system)
Levinson (1995)	交互智力(interactional intelligence)	分析智力(analytic intelligence)
Sloman (1996)	联想系统(associative system)	规则系统(rule-based system)
Evans & Over (1996)	内隐思维过程(tacit thought processes)	外显思维过程(explicit thought processes)
Hammond (1996)	直觉认知(intuitive cognition)	分析认知(analytical cognition)
Klein (1998)	预先认知决策(recognition-primed decisions)	理性选择策略(rational choice strategy)
Stanovich & West (2000)	系统1 (System 1)	系统2 (System 2)
De Neys (2006)	自动启发式加工(Automatic-heuristic processing)	执行分析式加工(executive-analytic processing)
Evans (2011)	直觉加工(Intuitive processing)	反思性加工(Reflective processing)
特征	联想的(associative)	以规则为基础的(rule-based)
	整体性(holistic)	分析性(analytic)
	自动的(automatic)	控制性的(controlled)
	不需要认知能力(relatively undemanding of cognitive capacity)	需要认知能力(demanding of cognitive capacity)
	快速的(relatively fast)	缓慢的(relatively slow)
	通过生理、暴露和个体经验获得(acquisition by biology, exposure, and personal experience)	通过文化和形式指导获得(acquisition by cultural and formal tuition)

[1]	林文毅, 张静, 李广政. 文本−信念一致效应及其消除[J]. 心理科学进展, 2018, 26(5): 789-795.
[2]	闫丁;汪婷;王程瑶;焦璨. 饮酒对反应抑制的影响及其神经机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2017, 25(4): 586-598.
[3]	雷鸣;戴艳;肖宵;曾灿;张庆林. 心理复原的机制：来自特质性复原力个体的证据[J]. 心理科学进展, 2011, 19(6): 874-882.
[4]	胥遥山;李永娟. 酒精影响个体社会行为的机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2011, 19(4): 565-572.
[5]	高华;彭新波. 抑郁认知易感性的新解释——双重加工模型 [J]. 心理科学进展, 2009, 17(1): 132-137.
[6]	张阳阳;佐斌. 自尊的恐惧管理理论研究述评[J]. 心理科学进展, 2006, 14(2): 273-.
[7]	杨家忠;黄希庭. 印象形成的理论模型述评[J]. 心理科学进展, 1998, 6(1): 9-14.