ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (12): 1867-1874.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2014.01867

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

无意视盲的认知神经机制

张慧1,2;施建农1,3   

  1. (1中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室, 北京 100101) (2中国科学院大学, 北京 100039) (3 Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg University, Denmark)
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-17 出版日期:2014-12-15 发布日期:2014-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 施建农, E-mail: shijn@psych.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2012BAI36B02)、中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目资助(KSCX2-EW-J-8)。

The Cognitive Neural Mechanism of Inattentional Blindness

ZHANG Hui1,2; SHI Jiannong1,3   

  1. (1 Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China) (2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China) (3 Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg University, Denmark)
  • Received:2014-04-17 Online:2014-12-15 Published:2014-12-15
  • Contact: SHI Jiannong, E-mail: shijn@psych.ac.cn

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被引次数

4

摘要：

无意视盲现象是指即使某些刺激物出现在视野中, 观察者也并没有觉察到这些刺激物的存在。这种现象在我们的现实生活中普遍存在, 它是许多交通和医疗事故的罪魁祸首。回顾前人的研究结果我们发现, 从认知行为角度出发, 无意视盲主要由两方面原因引起, 即“资源有限”与“注意定势”。一般情况下, “资源有限”与“注意定势”会共同导致无意视盲; 但有时候, “注意定势”也会独立于“资源有限”直接导致无意视盲。另外, 从大脑神经机制的角度来看, “资源有限”与“注意定势”作用于大脑加工的中后期, 即使产生无意视盲, 意识加工脑区对非预期刺激也进行了一定的认知加工, 但是否能进入到意识层面, 一方面取决于刺激呈现后中期枕顶部位的意识输入, 另一方面取决于与刺激驱动相关的颞顶联合区的激活程度以及与记忆负荷相关的顶内沟的抑制程度。

关键词: 无意视盲, 资源有限, 注意定势, 意识加工脑区, 颞顶联合区, 顶内沟

Abstract:

Inattentional blindness refers to that observers cannot detect some stimuli even if the stimuli stand exactly where their gaze falls. This phenomenon is common among our daily life and contributes to many traffic and medical accidents. We reviewed the papers and found that “limited resource” and “attentional set” take accounts to this phenomenon. In general, the two causes contribute to this phenomenon simultaneously. However, “attentional set” will lead to this phenomenon independent of “limited resource”. More in depth, from the aspect of neuro-mechanism, “limited resource” and “attentional set” acted on the middle stage of brain processing. The unexpected stimuli have ever received some conscious processing in the traditional conscious processing region even when they are not been aware of. The conscious inputs in occipital-parietal areas in the middle stage, the activation level of temporo-parietal junction and intraparietal sulcus determine whether the unexpected stimuli can arrive to conscious level.

Key words: inattentional blindness, limited resource, attentional set, conscious processing region, temporo- parietal junction, intraparietal sulcus