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ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B

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    25 June 1980, Volume 12 Issue 02 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    30 YEARS OF CHINESE MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY
    Li Xin-tian,Xu Shu-lian,Kuang Pei-zi Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica
    1980, 12 (02):  11-19. 
    Abstract ( 571 )  
    This paper summarizes briefly the development of medical psychology in the past 30 years. The work in the fields of psychotherapy, thepsychological causes and traits in neurosis, the psychopathological traits inpsychosis, the psychological problems in acupuncture anaesthesia and thepsychological diagnosis in children with mental deficiency are reviewed.
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    30 YEARS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN CHINA
    Kuang Pei-zi,Luo Sheng-de,Liu Shan-xun Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica, Peking
    1980, 12 (02):  20-27. 
    Abstract ( 532 )  
    The paper was one of the reports at the third group of the third Annual Meeting of the Chinese Psychological Society (1979, Tientsin). Itis a summary of research on Physiological Psychology during the past 30years in China. The authors divided the development of these 30 years intofour main periods. The first period (1949-1958)has been characterized bythe learning of Pavlov's theory and his methods. This period may be calledthe Learning Period. The second period (1959-1965) was a DevelopmentalPeriod. In the third period (1966-1976), which may be called the DifficultPeriod, research and education of physiological psychology was at a haltdue to the sabotage and interference of the "Gang of Four". With the victory over the "Gang of Four" began the New Long March Period (dated from Oct., 1976), in which research and education of physiological psychology enters a new era of vigorous development in China. Some main achievements, experiences and problems, and some prospects are also discussed in the paper.
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    A SHORT COMMENT ON WUNDT’S THEORY OF APPERCEPTION
    Lin Chuan-ding Institute of Pedagogical Sciences,Peking Normal College
    1980, 12 (02):  30-36. 
    Abstract ( 732 )  
    According to Wundt, apperception may be treated as the whole process of cognition and apperceptive combinations can be seen in man's character,temperament and talent as well. His idealistic dualism finds its manifestationsin his subjectivism with regard to the problem of causality and in hisvoluntarism. The penetrating strength of Wundt's doctrine of apperceptionin modern psychology is discussed in connection with psychology of learning,genetic epistemology(Piaget), theory of information processing andpsychology of expectation. The importance of systematic experimental studyin the problems of apperception is finally emphasized.
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    A PRELIMINARY APPRAISAL ON WUNDT’S PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEM
    Wang Qi-kang
    1980, 12 (02):  37-43. 
    Abstract ( 609 )  
    Wundt's psychological system is a complex system. It's foundation consists of confused ideas. but there are some reasonable, scientific andvaluable components in it. They are: considering psyche as a process; theanalysis and synthetic methods in psychological research; the classificationof fundamental psychological processes in human beings, and the generalprinciples of psychological development, all these are valuable and shouldbe given a certain amount of attention. Yet, on the other hand, the basis ofWundt's psychological system exerted a destructive effect on his scientificactivity, therefore, even in the valuable components there exist unreasonableaspects.
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    ON WILHELM WUNDT’S PSYCHOPHYSICAL PARALLELISM
    Wang Jing-he Insititute of Psychology, Academia Sinica
    1980, 12 (02):  44-51. 
    Abstract ( 994 )  
    This paper consists of three parts. First, the significance of this study.Second, the analysis of Wundt's parallelism. The contents of Wundt'sParallelism includes: (1) parallelism of two standpoints of view to the sameexperience, (2) parallelism of two series of cause and effects, (3) rangeof parallelism and (4) inutual complement. All these four aspects rejectthe view that. mental events are the functions of the brain and thereflections of objective reality. Third, the positive roles and the effects ofWundt's parallelism. And lastly, the most important part of this study is toemphasis the role of theoretical direction.
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    A PRELIMINARY COMMENT ON CLASSICAL INTROSPECTION OF WUNDT’S PSYCHOLOGY
    Shen De-can Beijing University
    1980, 12 (02):  52-57. 
    Abstract ( 492 )  
    Classical introspection as a psychological method has been of great importance to the school of structural psychology. This paper analysesclassical introspection from the point of view of the development ofpsychology as a science and deals with the following questions: 1) How wasit proposed? 2) What was its speciality? 3) Were there any positive aspectsin it? 4) What were its limitations? The author stresses the importance ofconcrete analysis in the study of classical introspection.
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    WUNDT’S HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO SCIENTIFIC PRACTICE IN PSYCHOLOGY AND THEIR ACTUAL SIGNIFICANCE
    Li Han-song Section of Psychology, Department of Education, Beijing Normal University
    1980, 12 (02):  58-64. 
    Abstract ( 571 )  
    This paper reviews the historical contributions of W. Wundt on scientific sychology, it analyses the reason of his success, and points out how one canlearn from him, in order to contribute to the second great leap in thedevelopment of the history of psychology.
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    PREFERRED CHINESE SKIN COLOR IN TV REPRODUCTION
    Peng Rui-xiang,Sun Xiu-ru,Lin Zhong-xian,Zhao Ming Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica Beijing Institute of Broadcasting Research
    1980, 12 (02):  65-70. 
    Abstract ( 506 )  
    It is believed that skin color is the most important color in TV reproduction. So far no data is available with respect to the preferredChinese skin color. 24 photographs of a young Chinese woman's face withvarious chromaticities of the skin were used as experimental samples. Each chosen sample was put in front of the television camera. Thecategory- judgment method was employed for subjective evaluation of thequality of the reproduced skin color on the television monitor. It was found that the chromaticity of preferred Chinese shin color isx=0.4056, y=0.3549, Y=34.12, dominant wavelength λd=590nm and exitationpurity Pe=36.7%. Comparing this result with that obtained for real skincolor, the dominant wavelength remains unchanged, but the purity of thepreferred skin color is much higher than that for real skin color.
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    THE INFORMATION PROCESSING OF BINOCULAR STEREOSCOPIC VISION Ⅰ.THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BINOCULAR DISPARITY AND SPATIAL FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
    Zheng Zhu-ying,Zhao Guan-mei,Qi Xiang-lin,Zhang Cheng-xiu Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Peking.
    1980, 12 (02):  71-80. 
    Abstract ( 533 )  
    It is a well-known fact that depth perception can produce binocular disparity but how is the disparity processed in the visual system is not yetclarified. The concept of spatial freqtiency originally established in physical opticsis now widely used in physiological and psychophysical studies in visionresearch. In order to investigate whether there is any relationship betweendisparity and spatial frequency spectrum, we used mathematical methods toapproach this problem and treated it in three steps: 1. A stereoscopic pair with disparity was made by computer. 2. Transformation of the stereoscopic pair into their spatial frequencyspectra by FFT on computer. 3. Comparison of the spectra of stereoscopic pairs having differentdisparities or different depth. The results are: 1. There are relative shifts in the position of peaks in spatial frequencyspectra of each of the stereoscopic pairs. 2. The direction of shifts depends on whether the side is close toproximal end or distal end of a three dimensional objt which is portrayed as a tilted line in the stereoscopic pair. If a line or curve monotonicallychanged in the depth dimension is observed then the peaks of the spectra ofstereoscopic pair close to the proximal end are shifted to the higherfrequency and those to the distal one are shifted to the lower frequency. 3. The degree of the relative shifts are proportional to the extent ofdisparity. The greater the disparity the further the peaks will shift. 4. There are some indications suggesting that the absolute depth of the3-D object is in someway related to the height of the peaks but not to therelative shifting.
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    THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUGGESTIBILITY AND THE EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON CEREBRAL POTENTIALS EVOKED BY PAINFUL STIMULATION
    Beijing Cooperative Research Group of Acupuncture Anaesthesia in Neurosurgery
    1980, 12 (02):  81-87. 
    Abstract ( 506 )  
    This study is a further research on the relations between the suggestibility of cutaneous sensations (electric touch sensibility, electric pain)and the effect of acupuncture on cerebral potentials evoked by painfulstimulation. The subjects were 30 normal adults. Method: The role of acupuncture analgesia was observed through theinhibitory effect of acupuncture on cerebral potentials evoked by painfulstimulation. The criterion used was the variation of amplitude P_2 in the firstsomatosensory area. The method in the suggestibility experiment was thesame as in the previous paper. Essential results: 1) Acupuncture yielded inhibitory effect on pain. The majority ofsubjects (21/30) have shown inhibitory effect of acupuncture on cerebralpotentials evoked by painful stimulation. 2) Both electrical touch and pain thresholds increased under euggestion(by an average of 31.26% and 18.37% respectively). 3) There is no correlation between the size of suggestibility andinhibitory effect of acupuncture on cerebral pentials evoked by painful stimulation. It seems that the trust of the subject in acupuncture analgesia had no relation to the effect of acupuncture. Inductive suggestion played noimportant role in acupuncture analgesia.
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    EFFECT OF THORIUM NITRATE ON IMMEDIATE MEMORY IN DOGS
    Mu Zuo-wei,Chen Hui-ling Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Academia Sinica
    1980, 12 (02):  96-101. 
    Abstract ( 714 )  
    Delayed conditioned responses were performed in four dogs in a maze.The effect of ionizing radiation of thorium on learning and memory wasobserved. The results showed that after 62 doses (10mg/kg. a dose, delivered oncea day) of chronic injections of thorium nitrate intravenously, theaccumulated dosage was 8.68g on the average, which exceedes themaximum permissible dose by 350 times, no obvious deterioration of thedelayed conditioned response was observed. This means that the immediatememory in dogs is rather invulnerable to ionizing radiation of thorium.
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    AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHILDREN’S ABILITY TO GENERALIZE TERMS IN SENTENCE GROUPS
    Feng Shen-jin,Song Jun,Tong Le-quan Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica
    1980, 12 (02):  102-110. 
    Abstract ( 577 )  
    The purpose of this study was to explore the problem of the development of children's ability to generalize terms. Nine groups of sentences were used as test materials, in which consisted of one, two or threeterms ("factors"). Subjects were required to generalize them. The subjectswere pupils from 9 to 12 years old, and those of 8.5 years old. Each age groupconsisted of thirty children with a totality of one hundred and fifty pupilsin all. The results indicate: The development of children's ability to generalizeterms is not completely identical with the increifse of, age. It is different inspeed and grade. Between the age group of 8.5-9 and the age group of 11-12,the differences are significant. But in other age groups, the development ofthe ability is slow. There is difference in the extent of generalizationbetween each group.
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    A REVIEW ON THE LITERATURE ON GENETICS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA
    Carl Ratner Humboldt State College, California
    1980, 12 (02):  111-119. 
    Abstract ( 561 )  
    The paper is a review of the psychological literature that is offered in support of the genetic theory of schizophrenia. Four areas of research arereviwed: physiological aspects of schizophrenia, incidence of schizophrenia inthe general population, incidence of schizophrenia among family members,and studies which control for environmental infltiences on schizophrenia. Theliterature is not found to support the genetic theory, and is better explainedby a social model of psycho-pathology.
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