基于助推的环保行为干预策略

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.01939

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来, “助推”被越来越多地用于气候变化与生态环境治理实践, 成为促进人们环保行为的有效策略。但目前国内基于助推思想的环保行为干预研究和实践探索都还很缺乏。环保行为需要助推的根本原因在于人们在环保领域的决策存在认知局限和动机不足。相应的, 在认知和动机两大视角下主要有7种环保行为助推策略。认知视角的助推策略包括默认选项、框架效应和示范性规范, 动机视角的助推策略旨在激发家国动机、遗产动机、获益动机和自主动机以促进人们的环保行为。助推环保行为在实践中也存在争议, 实践工作者需明确助推环保行为的外部环境与传统社会治理思路的关系, 并掌握选择架构设计的技术要点。

关键词: 助推, 环保行为, 行为经济学, 社会治理

Abstract:

In recent years, “nudge” has been increasingly applied to coping with climate change and environmental problems, and has become an effective strategy to promote individual’s pro-environmental behavior. However, in China there is a lack of research and practice on pro-environmental behavior intervention based on the idea of nudge. The reason why pro-environmental behavior needs to be nudged is that individual’s decision-making regarding pro-environmental behavior involves cognitive limitations and insufficient motivations. Seven nudging strategies for promoting pro-environmental behavior were summarized from the perspectives of cognition and motivation. The cognition-oriented strategies included the default options, the framing effect, and the descriptive norms; and the motivation-oriented strategies included priming national interest motivation, legacy motivation, benefit motivation, and autonomous motivation. Disputes with regard to the nudging strategies and feasible suggestions for ecological and environmental management were discussed.

Key words: nudge, pro-environmental behavior, behavioral economics, social management

中图分类号:

B849

傅鑫媛, 辛自强, 楼紫茜, 高琰. (2019). 基于助推的环保行为干预策略. 心理科学进展 , 27(11), 1939-1950.

FU Xinyuan, XIN Ziqiang, LOU Zixi, GAO Yan. (2019). Nudging strategies for pro-environmental behavior. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(11), 1939-1950.

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