心理科学进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 136-145.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2025.0136
李爱梅1, 柯正南1, 姚心妍1, 朱乔薇1, 孙海龙2()
收稿日期:
2024-04-18
出版日期:
2025-01-15
发布日期:
2024-10-28
通讯作者:
孙海龙, E-mail: sunhailong@gdufs.edu.cn作者简介:
第一联系人:李爱梅与柯正南为共同第一作者。
基金资助:
LI Aimei1, KE Zhengnan1, YAO Xinyan1, ZHU Qiaowei1, SUN Hailong2()
Received:
2024-04-18
Online:
2025-01-15
Published:
2024-10-28
摘要:
代际合作指个体选择为后代牺牲自己的当下利益, 以谋求未来福祉。此决策涉及当前自我利益与未来后代利益之间的权衡, 是推动可持续发展的关键心理过程。本研究分析了跨期决策、社会决策和代际合作决策在选项属性和选择过程两方面的差异, 进而揭示了代际合作不仅在时间维度和社会维度的价值评估阶段,更在价值选择阶段表现出决策独特性。基于此, 从时间折扣和社会折扣整合的理论视角, 尝试建构“折扣−动力−助推”模型:分别提出传承动机和未来取向、代际认同和责任感知的动力机制, 以及“代际心理账户”和“想象未来后代”的代际合作助推策略。未来还需探究代际合作的多种测量范式, 并引入生命全程的研究视角, 以推动代际合作与可持续发展的研究。
中图分类号:
李爱梅, 柯正南, 姚心妍, 朱乔薇, 孙海龙. (2025). 代际合作的决策机制与助推策略:时间折扣和社会折扣整合的理论视角. 心理科学进展 , 33(1), 136-145.
LI Aimei, KE Zhengnan, YAO Xinyan, ZHU Qiaowei, SUN Hailong. (2025). Decision-making mechanisms and facilitation strategies for intergenerational cooperation: A perspective from the integration of temporal and social discounts. Advances in Psychological Science, 33(1), 136-145.
跨期决策 | 社会决策 | 代际合作决策 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
选项属性 | 时间尺度 | 延迟 | 无延迟 | 较大延迟 |
结果主体 | 自己 | 自己和他人 | 自己和后代 | |
选择过程 | 选择阶段 | 价值评估 | 价值评估 | 价值选择 |
折扣类型 | 时间折扣 | 社会折扣 | 时间和社会折扣相互作用 | |
折扣表达 | 即时小利 v.s. 远期大利 | 自我小利 v.s. 他人大利 | 自我即时小利 v.s. 他人远期大利 |
表1 跨期决策、社会决策和代际合作决策之间的主要区别
跨期决策 | 社会决策 | 代际合作决策 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
选项属性 | 时间尺度 | 延迟 | 无延迟 | 较大延迟 |
结果主体 | 自己 | 自己和他人 | 自己和后代 | |
选择过程 | 选择阶段 | 价值评估 | 价值评估 | 价值选择 |
折扣类型 | 时间折扣 | 社会折扣 | 时间和社会折扣相互作用 | |
折扣表达 | 即时小利 v.s. 远期大利 | 自我小利 v.s. 他人大利 | 自我即时小利 v.s. 他人远期大利 |
[1] |
陈妍妍, 伍俊辉, 栾胜华. (2023). 代际困境中合作行为的发生机制及促进策略. 心理科学进展, 31(9), 1728-1741.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2023.01728 |
[2] | 何贵兵, 杨鑫蔚, 蒋多. (2017). 环境损益的社会折扣: 利他人格的影响. 心理学报, 49(10), 1334-1343. |
[3] |
何清华, 李丹丹. (2020). 中国儿童青少年跨期决策的发展与脑发育机制. 心理科学进展, 28(3), 381-389.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2020.00381 |
[4] |
蒋多, 何贵兵. (2017). 心理距离视角下的行为决策. 心理科学进展, 25(11), 1992-2001.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2017.01992 |
[5] | 李爱梅, 凌文辁. (2007). 心理账户: 理论与应用启示. 心理科学进展, 15(5), 727-734. |
[6] | 李爱梅, 彭元, 熊冠星. (2015). 孕妇更长计远虑?——怀孕对女性跨期决策偏好的影响. 心理学报, 47(11), 1360-1370. |
[7] |
李爱梅, 王海侠, 孙海龙, 熊冠星, 杨韶丽. (2018). “长计远虑”的助推效应: 怀孕与环境跨期决策. 心理学报, 50(8), 858-867.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.00858 |
[8] |
沈丝楚, 希喜格, 丁阳, 马家涛, 杨舒雯, 匡仪, 许明星, 李纾. (2023). 跨期选择的变易程度正向预测中华文化圈国民的自评扛疫成效:亚非欧美大洋洲18国跨国研究. 心理学报, 55(3), 435-454.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.00435 |
[9] | 唐辉, 周坤, 赵翠霞, 李纾. (2014). 吃亏是福: 择“值”选项而获真利. 心理学报, 46(10), 1549-1563. |
[10] | Balliet, D., Parks, C., & Joireman, J. (2009). Social value orientation and cooperation in social dilemmas: A meta- analysis. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 12(4), 533-547. |
[11] | Baumgartner, T., Guizar Rosales, E., & Knoch, D. (2023). Neural mechanisms underlying interindividual differences in intergenerational sustainable behavior. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 17357. |
[12] | Bogacki, J., & Letmathe, P. (2021). Representatives of future generations as promoters of sustainability in corporate decision processes. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(1), 237-251. |
[13] | Böhm, G., & Pfister, H. R. (2005). Consequences, morality, and time in environmental risk evaluation. Journal of Risk Research, 8(6), 461-479. |
[14] | Böhm, R., Gürerk, Ö., & Lauer, T. (2020). Nudging climate change mitigation: A laboratory experiment with inter- generational public goods. Games, 11(4), 42. |
[15] | Bosetti, V., Dennig, F., Liu, N., Tavoni, M., & Weber, E. U. (2022). Forward-looking belief elicitation enhances intergenerational beneficence. Environmental and Resource Economics, 81(4), 743-761. |
[16] | Bossio, C. F., Coomes, O. T., & Ford, J. (2022). What motivates urban dwellers to adapt to climate-driven water insecurity? An empirical study from Lima, Peru. Environmental Science & Policy, 136, 136-146. |
[17] | Breuer, W., Müller, T., & Sachsenhausen, E. (2022). The determinants of discounting in intergenerational decision- making. European Economic Review, 148, 104215. |
[18] | Cameron, L. D., Brown, P. M., & Chapman, J. G. (1998). Social value orientations and decisions to take proenvironmental action. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(8), 675-697. |
[19] | Casaló, L. V., & Escario, J. J. (2016). Intergenerational association of environmental concern: Evidence of parents’ and children’s concern. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 48, 65-74. |
[20] | Chopra, F., Falk, A., & Graeber, T. (2024). Intertemporal altruism. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 16 (1), 329-357. |
[21] | Curry, O. S., Mullins, D. A., & Whitehouse, H. (2019). Is it good to cooperate? Testing the theory of morality-as- cooperation in 60 societies. Current Anthropology, 60(1), 47-69. |
[22] |
Diprose, K., Liu, C., Valentine, G., Vanderbeck, R. M., & McQuaid, K. (2019). Caring for the future: Climate change and intergenerational responsibility in China and the UK. Geoforum, 105, 158-167.
doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.05.019 |
[23] | Englmaier, F., & Gebhardt, G. (2016). Social dilemmas in the laboratory and in the field. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 128, 85-96. |
[24] | Foltyn-Zarychta, M. (2021). Future-generation perception: Equal or not equal? Long-term individual discount rates for Poland. Energies, 14(24), 8218. |
[25] | Gonzalez-Ricoy, I., & Rey, F. (2019). Enfranchising the future: Climate justice and the representation of future generations. WIREs Climate Change, 10(5), e598. |
[26] | Gueye, M., Querou, N., & Soubeyran, R. (2020). Social preferences and coordination: An experiment. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 173, 26-54. |
[27] | Hahnel, U.J., Chatelain, G., Conte, B., Piana, V., & Brosch, T. (2020). Mental accounting mechanisms in energy decision-making and behaviour. Nature Energy, 5(12), 952-958. |
[28] | Hansen, A. R., & Jacobsen, M. H. (2020). Like parent, like child: Intergenerational transmission of energy consumption practices in Denmark. Energy Research & Social Science, 61, 101341. |
[29] | Hara, K., Yoshioka, R., Kuroda, M., Kurimoto, S., & Saijo, T. (2019). Reconciling intergenerational conflicts with imaginary future generations: Evidence from a participatory deliberation practice in a municipality in Japan. Sustainability Science, 14(6), 1605-1619. |
[30] | Hardisty, D. J., & Weber, E. U. (2009). Discounting future green: Money versus the environment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(3), 329. |
[31] | Hauser, O. P., Rand, D. G., Peysakhovich, A., & Nowak, M. A. (2014). Cooperating with the future. Nature, 511(7508), 220-223. |
[32] | Hendrickx, L., & Nicolaij, S. (2004). Temporal discounting and environmental risks: The role of ethical and loss- related concerns. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(4), 409-422. |
[33] |
Henrich, J., McElreath, R., Barr, A., Ensminger, J., Barrett, C., Bolyanatz, A.,... Ziker, J. (2006). Costly punishment across human societies. Science, 312(5781), 1767-1770.
pmid: 16794075 |
[34] | Hurlstone, M. J., Price, A., Wang, S., Leviston, Z., & Walker, I. (2020). Activating the legacy motive mitigates intergenerational discounting in the climate game. Global Environmental Change, 60, 102008. |
[35] | Jacquet, J., Hagel, K., Hauert, C., Marotzke, J., Röhl, T., & Milinski, M. (2013). Intra-and intergenerational discounting in the climate game. Nature Climate Change, 3(12), 1025-1028. |
[36] |
Jones, C., Hine, D. W., & Marks, A. D. G. (2017). The future is now: Reducing psychological distance to increase public engagement with climate change. Risk Analysis, 37, 331-341.
doi: 10.1111/risa.12601 pmid: 26989845 |
[37] |
Kamijo, Y., Komiya, A., Mifune, N., & Saijo, T. (2017). Negotiating with the future: Incorporating imaginary future generations into negotiations. Sustainability Science, 12, 409-420.
doi: 10.1007/s11625-016-0419-8 pmid: 30147758 |
[38] | Katz-Gerro, T., Greenspan, I., Handy, F., & Vered, Y. (2020). Environmental behavior in three countries: The role of intergenerational transmission and domains of socialization. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101343. |
[39] |
Kim, B. K., & Zauberman, G. (2019). Psychological time and intertemporal preference. Current Opinion in Psychology, 26, 90-93.
doi: S2352-250X(18)30086-1 pmid: 30099243 |
[40] | Kölle, F., & Lauer, T. (2024). Understanding cooperation in an intertemporal context. Management Science, 70(9), 5627-6482. |
[41] | Kölle, F., & Wenner, L. (2023). Is generosity time- inconsistent? Present bias across individual and social contexts. Review of Economics and Statistics, 105(3), 683-699. |
[42] | Lie-Panis, J., & André, J. B. (2022). Cooperation as a signal of time preferences. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 289(1973), 20212266. |
[43] |
Liu, L., & Feng, T. (2012). The neural predictors of choice preference in intertemporal choice. Brain Research, 1436, 92-100.
doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.018 pmid: 22221735 |
[44] | Loewenstein, G., Read, D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2003). Introduction. In G. Loewenstein, D. Read, & R. Baumeister (Eds.), Time and decision: Economic and psychological perspectives of intertemporal choice (pp. 1-12). Russell Sage Foundation. |
[45] | McDonald, R. I., Chai, H. Y., & Newell, B. R. (2015). Personal experience and the ‘psychological distance’ of climate change: An integrative review. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 44, 109-118. |
[46] | Mill, G. A., Van Rensburg, T. M., Hynes, S., & Dooley, C. (2007). Preferences for multiple use forest management in Ireland: Citizen and consumer perspectives. Ecological Economics, 60(3), 642-653. |
[47] | Nakagawa, Y., & Saijo, T. (2020). Can individuals caring little about future generations serve as their representatives? Futures, 124, 102626. |
[48] | New, M., Reckien, D., Viner, D., Adler, C., Cheong, S.-M., Conde, C.,... Solecki, W. (2022). Decision-Making options for managing risk. In H.-O. Pörtner, D. C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E. S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría,... B. Rama (Eds.), Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of working group II to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (pp. 2539-2654). Cambridge University Press. |
[49] | Nicolaij, S., & Hendrickx, L. W. (2003). The influence of temporal distance of negative consequences on the evaluation of environmental risks. In L. Hendrickx, W. Jager, L. Steg (Eds.), Human decision making and environmental perception. Understanding and assisting human decision making in real-life situations. University of Groningen. |
[50] | Richards, T. J., & Green, G. P. (2015). Environmental choices and hyperbolic discounting: An experimental analysis. Environmental and Resource Economics, 62, 83-103. |
[51] |
Ruff, C. C., & Fehr, E. (2014). The neurobiology of rewards and values in social decision making. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 15(8), 549-562.
doi: 10.1038/nrn3776 pmid: 24986556 |
[52] | Shahrier, S., Kotani, K., & Saijo, T. (2017). Intergenerational sustainability dilemma and the degree of capitalism in societies: A field experiment. Sustainability Science, 12(6), 957-967. |
[53] | Shrum, T. R. (2021). The salience of future impacts and the willingness to pay for climate change mitigation: An experiment in intergenerational framing. Climatic Change, 165(1), 18. |
[54] | Syropoulos, S., & Markowitz, E. M. (2021a). Mechanisms of intergenerational environmental stewardship activated by COVID-19: Gratitude, fairness, and legacy motives. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 3, 707888. |
[55] | Syropoulos, S., & Markowitz, E. M. (2021b). Perceived responsibility towards future generations and environmental concern: Convergent evidence across multiple outcomes in a large, nationally representative sample. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 76, 101651. |
[56] | Syropoulos, S., Law, K. F., & Young, L. (2023). Caring for present and future generations alike: Longtermism and moral regard across temporal and social distance. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 13684302241242115. |
[57] | Tajfel, H.. (Ed.). (2010). Social identity and intergroup relations (Vol. 7). Cambridge University Press. |
[58] | Thaler, R. H. (1985). Mental accounting and consumer choice. Marketing Science. 4(3), 199-214. |
[59] | Tuen, Y. J., Bulley, A., Palombo, D. J., & O'Connor, B. B. (2023). Social value at a distance: Higher identification with all of humanity is associated with reduced social discounting. Cognition, 230, 105283. |
[60] | van der Linden, S., Maibach, E., & Leiserowitz, A. (2015). Improving public engagement with climate change: Five “best practice” insights from psychological science. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 758-763. |
[61] | van Hulsen, M. A. J., Rohde, K. I., & van Exel, N. J. A. (2022). Consideration of others and consideration of future consequences predict cooperation in an acute social dilemma: An application to COVID-19. Oxford Open Economics, 1, odac005. |
[62] | van Treek, M., Majer, J. M., Zhang, H., Zhang, K., & Trötschel, R. (2023). Present generation’s negotiators realize their interests at the cost of future generations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 91, 102126. |
[63] | Viscusi, W. K., Huber, J., & Bell, J. (2008). The economic value of water quality. Environmental and Resource Economics, 41, 169-187. |
[64] | Vlasceanu, M., Doell, K. C., Bak-Coleman, J. B., Todorova, B., Berkebile-Weinberg, M. M., Grayson, S. J.,... Lutz, A. E. (2024). Addressing climate change with behavioral science: A global intervention tournament in 63 countries. Science Advances, 10(6), eadj5778. |
[65] | Wade-Benzoni, K. A. (2002). A golden rule over time: Reciprocity in intergenerational allocation decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5), 1011-1028. |
[66] | Wade-Benzoni, K. A. (2003). Intergenerational identification and cooperation in organizations and society. In Identity Issues in Groups, 5, 257-277. |
[67] |
Wade-Benzoni, K. A. (2019). Legacy motivations & the psychology of intergenerational decisions. Current Opinion in Psychology, 26, 19-22.
doi: S2352-250X(18)30052-6 pmid: 29709868 |
[68] |
Wade-Benzoni, K. A., & Tost, L. P. (2009). The egoism and altruism of intergenerational behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3), 165-193.
doi: 10.1177/1088868309339317 pmid: 19571118 |
[69] | Wade-Benzoni, K. A., Hernandez, M., Medvec, V., & Messick, D. (2008). In fairness to future generations: The role of egocentrism, uncertainty, power, and stewardship in judgments of intergenerational allocations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44(2), 233-245. |
[70] | World Meteorological Organization. (2024). State of the global climate 2023 (WMO-No. 1347). Geneva: WMO. https://library.wmo.int/idurl/4/68835. |
[71] | Zhang, M., & Aggarwal, P. (2015). Looking ahead or looking back: Current evaluations and the effect of psychological connectedness to a temporal self. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(3), 512-518. |
[72] |
Zhao, X., Villagran, M. M., Kreps, G. L., & McHorney, C. (2012). Gain versus loss framing in adherence-promoting communication targeting patients with chronic diseases: The moderating effect of individual time perspective. Health Communication, 27(1), 75-85.
doi: 10.1080/10410236.2011.569002 pmid: 21745039 |
[73] | Zhu, J., Hu, S., Wang, J., & Zheng, X. (2020). Future orientation promotes climate concern and mitigation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 262, 121212. |
[1] | 金乐帆, 张宁. 提升癌症筛查率的行为助推干预策略[J]. 心理科学进展, 2025, 33(2): 336-350. |
[2] | 匡仪, 黄元娜, 马家涛, 尹述飞. 时空框架效应的理论与应用探索[J]. 心理科学进展, 2024, 32(9): 1416-1429. |
[3] | 周蕾, 林浇敏, 陈艺琦, 梁泳超, 古晨妍, 孙祺章. 不确定性跨期决策视角下绿色行为的心理机制及干预[J]. 心理科学进展, 2024, 32(7): 1048-1056. |
[4] | 陈妍妍, 伍俊辉, 栾胜华. 代际困境中合作行为的发生机制及促进策略[J]. 心理科学进展, 2023, 31(9): 1728-1741. |
[5] | 张宁, 王安然. 助推戒烟的行为干预策略[J]. 心理科学进展, 2023, 31(4): 684-696. |
[6] | 李燕, 陈文进, 张书维. 基于元分析的助推效果研究:“认知路径”与“透明性”的二维视角[J]. 心理科学进展, 2023, 31(12): 2275-2294. |
[7] | 赵宁, 刘鑫, 李纾, 郑蕊. 默认选项设置的助推效果:来自元分析的证据[J]. 心理科学进展, 2022, 30(6): 1230-1241. |
[8] | 李爱梅, 车敬上, 刘楠, 孙海龙, 周玮. 海量信息如何影响跨期决策?基于注意资源的理论视角[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(9): 1521-1533. |
[9] | 黄元娜, 李云箫, 李纾. 为什么被选的和被拒的会是同一个备择选项?[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(6): 1010-1021. |
[10] | 卢蕾安, 王春生, 任俊. 人们如何设想未来:未来情景思维对个体心理和行为的影响[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(6): 1086-1096. |
[11] | 陈彦垒, 胡志坚. 傅斯年的心理学探索及其贡献[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(6): 1131-1140. |
[12] | 冯廷勇, 王雪珂, 苏缇. 拖延行为的发展认知机制及神经基础[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(4): 586-596. |
[13] | 何清华, 李丹丹. 中国儿童青少年跨期决策的发展与脑发育机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2020, 28(3): 381-389. |
[14] | 李佳洁, 于彤彤. 基于助推的健康饮食行为干预策略[J]. 心理科学进展, 2020, 28(12): 2052-2063. |
[15] | 徐富明, 黄龙, 张慧. 随机控制实验:助推脱贫的现场干预研究[J]. 心理科学进展, 2020, 28(11): 1953-1960. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||