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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select TESTING AND APPLICATION OF THE MEDIATING EFFECTS Wen Zhonglin,Chang Lei，Hau Kit-Tai，Liu Hongyun    2004, 36 (05): 614-620.   Abstract （5656）      PDF（pc） （1161KB）（12944）       Knowledge map    Save The concepts of mediator and related constructs, as well as the estimation of mediating effects were discussed. Based on the comparison of various testing methods, a procedure was proposed which was a composite test derived from two existing testing methods. The newly proposed procedure is likely to be better than any single testing method in terms of the sum of type 1 and type 2 error rates. Moreover, it can be used to test both partial and full mediating effects. As an illustration, the procedure was applied to an empirical study on students’ antisocial behaviors and their effects on peer relations. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(2694) Select A Comparison of Moderator and Mediator and their Applications Wen Zhonglin,Hau Kit-Tai,Chang Lei    2005, 37 (02): 268-274.   Abstract （6824）      PDF（pc） （208KB）（15658）       Knowledge map    Save The concepts and analyses of the moderator and mediator effects were discussed. Approaches in estimation and testing of moderating and mediating effects were summarized with recommendations for appropriate choices. The moderator and mediator as well as their effects were compared in terms of their implications, intentions, functions, implied models, estimation and testing strategies and other factors which enable a better understanding of the two variables involved. As an illustration, moderators and mediators were analyzed and compared in a study on the relations between students’ antisocial behaviors and peer relations. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(897) Select THE INFLUENCE OF DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND PROCEDURAL JUSTICE ON JOB BURNOUT Li Chaoping,Shi-kan    2003, 35 (05): 677-684.   Abstract （7804）      PDF（pc） （168KB）（8329）       Knowledge map    Save Based on 294 samples from three companies, this study first tested the psychological property of MBI-GS and made some revisions according to the result. Then 524 employees from six companies were invited to join the final survey. CFA was used to confirm the construct validity of MBI-GS. T-test and One-way ANOVA showed organizational justice and job burnout was influenced by demographics variables. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that organizational justice was a power predict of job burnout beyond demographics variables. Dominance analysis further indicated that when predicting Emotional Exhaustion 65.91% of the predicted variance was attributed to distributive justice. When predicting Cynicism 56.07% of the predicted variance was attributed to procedural justice Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(459) Select DEVELOPMENT OF THE REVISED EYSENCK PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE SHORT SCALE FOR CHINESE (EPQ-RSC) Qian Mingyi , Wu Guocheng , Zhu Rongchun, Zhang Shen( Department of Psychology, Beijing University, Beijing 100871)( Aeronautical Medical Institute of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100036)    2000, 32 (3): 317-323.   Abstract （4925）            Knowledge map    Save EPQ-R Short Scale was first imported and revised in China in this research. 8637 participants (including 7725 panicipants of the Han Ethnicity) from 56 regions of 30 provinces in the mainiand filled in EPQ-RSC (Sampling Version). Based on the data of the large sample, EPQ-RSC was revised,which contained 4 scales and each included 12 items which keeps the identical format with the EPQ-R Short Scale. Statishcal results showed that EPQ-RSC had satisfactory reliability and validity of Scale E,N and L, and relatively lower reliability and validity of Scale P which can still meet the accepted criteria. The excellent psychometrical property of EPQ-RSC renders the EPQ-RSC as a comparable reliable personality test to EPQ-R Short Scale and dependable to be applied to test the personality dimensions of Chinese. Finally the author discussed some issues including reasons about the accepted reliability of Scale P and implications of the norm of Chinese population with age group distributions identical to national population. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(440) Select THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAPPINESS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT Xin Ziqiang Chi Liping (The Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875)    2001, 33 (5): 59-64.   Abstract （2045）            Knowledge map    Save The relationship between happiness and social support was examined in a survey of 304 men and women using questionnaires. Several gender effects were obtained. (1) Men had significantly more social support and showed more positive affect than women. (2) Women's utilization of social support was higher than that of men. (3) There were no gender differences in happiness, negative affect, or interpersonal support. (4) Regression analyses showed that both interpersonal support (including that from spouses, parents, friends, neighbors, and colleagues) and support utilization were significant predictors of happiness and positive and negative affect. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(398) Select THE EXPLORING OF THE INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT Ling Wenquan (Institute of Human Resource Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632) Zhang Zhican\ Fang Liluo (Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101)    2001, 33 (3): 68-72.   Abstract （1716）            Knowledge map    Save In accordance with the factor analysis of the Chinese employee's organizational commitment, a 5 factor model was firstly discovered, which included affective commitment, normative commitment, ideal commitment, economic commitment and choice commitment. Based on such a discovery, Path Analysis technique was used to further analyze those individual factors and organizational factors which can influence the organizational commitment. The sample included 3236 Chinese employees. The detailed results were as followis: Those factors that could influence:(1) the affective commitment included employee's trust toward the leaders, life support from the organization, the maintenance behavior of the leader and the perceived dependability of the organization. (2) the normative commitment included employee's social fairness exchange level, employee's satisftaction towards colleagues and the morale of employee's belonging organization. (3) the ideal commitment included the employee's trust towards their leaders, work support from their belonging organization, educational level, leader's workabilities organizational promotion system and the satisfaction level toward their job. (4) the economic commitment included work experience, employee's trust towards their leaders and employee's social fairness exchange level. (5) the choice commitment included employee's satisfaction level towards their salary, life support from their belonging organization, the perceived dependability of the organization, employee's social fairness exchange level, employee's overall satisfaction level towards their belonging organization, educational level, age and their alternatives for another job. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(385) Select ASSESSMENT ON COMPETENCY MODEL OF SENIOR MANAGERS Shi Kan, Wang Jicheng, Li Chaoping (Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101)    2002, 34 (03): 86-91.   Abstract （1624）            Knowledge map    Save Behavior Event Interview was used to study a competency model on senior managers in Chinese Communication Enterprises. The results were as follows: a. No significant difference was found between the protocol length of outstanding and average managers. Frequencies of occurrence of most competencies was correlated significantly to protocol length; however few average scores and maximum scores were correlated significantly to protocol length. It seemed that using average score in coding was more suitable. b. G coefficient based on the Generalization Theory showed that the two coders coding were consistent. c. Study on the criterion sample showed that a competency model of senior managers in Chinese Communication Enterprises included: influence, organizational commitment, information seeking, leadership, achievement orientation, interpersonal understanding, initiative, customer service orientation, self confidence, and staff development. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(344) Select PHONOLOGICAL ACQUISITION OF PUTONGHUA-SPEAKING CHILDREN Li Wei, Zhu Hua ,Barbara Dodd (Department of Speech, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NEI 7RU, Uk) Jiang Tao, Peng Danling, Shu Hua (Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875)    2000, 32 (2): 170-176.   Abstract （1435）            Knowledge map    Save Based on the spontaneous speech dare of 129 Putonghua-speaking children aged 1;6-4;6, the present study had identified the phonological repertoires and typical phonological processes of Putonghua-speaking children of various age groups. The research findings can be applied to larger-scale standardized phonological tests on Putonghua-speaking children. The norms developed in this study can be used for early diagnosis of phonologically-impaired children. By comparing with research findings of other languages such as English and Cantonese, the present study provides further insights into the role of both universal tendencies and the ambient language in phonological acquisition. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(302) Select RELIABILITIES AND VALIDITIES OF THE CHINESE PERSONALITY SCALE Wang Dengfeng, Cui Hong    2004, 36 (03): 347-358.   Abstract （5857）      PDF（pc） （234KB）（5184）       Knowledge map    Save The original Chinese Personality Scale, which was called “Qingnian Zhongguo Personality Scale” (QZPS), composed of 215 items with seven dimensions and 18 factors was reconfirmed based on more than 5000 subjects’ ratings. The reconfirmed QZPS was composed by 180 items and with same structure of the original one, reliabilities defined by internal consistencies and test-retest correlations, and validities defined by factorial structure, convergent and discriminant validities, and criterion-related validity ( discriminant from normal and schizophrenics, criminals, and drug-abusers) were also reported with good psychological measurement properties. It was concluded that QZPS a good tool in research and application in the field of Chinese personality. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(240) Select ITEM ANALYSIS OF EYSENCK PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE TESTED IN BEIJING-DISTRICT Chen Zhong-geng (Beijing University)    1983, 15 (2): 85-92.   Abstract （2535）            Knowledge map    Save This is the first step of a whole process in trying to achieve a satisfactoryEPQ in China.We have a sample of 643 (male 368,female 275).The first90 items are original EPQ (ad),the 91-99 are newly added.The itemanswers are correlated bissrially with 4 scales.PsychometricaIly"bad"items(total of 14) are excluded,85-item new scales were used for future testing.Although the data were not analysed in the same manner as the original,our result showed some similar tendency with the English samples:ageregressions for Land E,N,P;inter-scale correlation PL high negative,PNlow etc.It is advocated that,with further testing and analysis,the EPQ maybe applicable to Chinese culture, and the personality structtire of the people inthat country may well be studied with Eysenck's dimensions. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(228) Select STUDY ON THE VOCATIONAL VALUE OF CHINESE UNDERGRADUATES Ling Wenquan(Institute of Social Psychology, Guangzhou Normal University, Guangzhou, 510400)Fang Liluo(Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101)Bai Ligans(Institute of Industrial Psychology and Behavior Science, Jinan Universi    1999, 31 (3): 342-348.   Abstract （1739）            Knowledge map    Save Ths research investigared into the changes of the standards of vocationalselection for Chinese undergraduas from the eary 80's to the middle 90's, exploredthe reasons, and approached the differences on the vocational value among the personswith different types of vocational interests. It was revealed that the changes ofcireumstances and the types of vocational interests affected the vocational value. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(200) Select PREVALENCE AND MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF BULLYING/VICTIMIZATION AMONG PRIMARY AND JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL CHILDREN Zhang Wenxin (Department of Psychology,Shandong Teachers' University,Jinan 250014)    2002, 34 (04): 57-64.   Abstract （2148）            Knowledge map    Save A modified version of Olweus Bullying/Victimization Questionnaire was employed in a sample of 9205 primary and junior middle school children from both urban and rural areas, in order to evaluate the prevalence and explore the major characteristics of school bullying. The results indicated that serious bullying problems existed in primary and junior middle schools, with nearly one out of five (19%)of the children investigated getting involved in bullying problems. The ratios of victims and bullies decreased with the children's age, but that of the bullies kept relatively stable across the junior middle school years. Direct verbal bullying was the most common type of bullying behavior among primary and junior middle school children. Gender differences existed in regard to the incidence of bullying others and being bullied, children's attitudes towards bullying and the types of bullying behavior they suffered. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(178) Select THE DETERMINERS OF PICTURE-NAMING LATENCY Zhang Qingfang,Yang YUfang    2003, 35 (04): 447-454.   Abstract （1200）      PDF（pc） （219KB）（2051）       Knowledge map    Save This paper explored the determinants of picture-naming latency. Using a picture naming task and 5-point scale assessment method, we measured name agreement, familiarity, image agreement, visual complexity and word length of 311 pictures. Correlation analyses indicated that concept agreement, familiarity, image agreement and word frequency were the major determinants of picture-naming latency. Stepwise multiple regressions were carried out on the picture-naming latency. The R square of regression equation was 55.5%. On the basis of the naming latency, the pictures were divided into quintiles. These measures will prove valuable information in future studies of picture naming and other cognitive processes Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(175) Select MULTI-DIMENSIONAL LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE (LMX) AND ITS IMPACT ON TASK PERFORMANCE AND CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES Wang Hui, Niu Xiongying, Kenneth S Law    2004, 36 (02): 179-185.   Abstract （2728）      PDF（pc） （176KB）（2246）       Knowledge map    Save Two studies were conducted to explore the construct of leader-member exchange (LMX) and its impact on task performance and contextual performance of employees in Chinese context. The survey data was analyzed with exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and hierarchical regression model (HRM). The results showed that LMX was a multi-dimensional construct comprised of affect, loyalty, contribution, and professional respect dimensions. Both unidimensional LMX and multi-dimensional LMX have significant power on predicting task performance and contextual performance of employees, while the predicting power of multi-dimensional LMX was larger that that of unidimensional LMX. Limitations and future research were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(170) Select THE EFFECT OF LEARNING SUPPORT ON SIMULATION-BASED DISCOVERY LEARNING Zhang Jianwei, Chen Qi (Department of Psychology, Beijing, Normal University, Beijing 100875) David J. Reid (School of Education, University of Manchester, UK)    2002, 34 (05): 45-51.   Abstract （921）            Knowledge map    Save This study made a further investigation on the effects of two types of learning support on simulation based scientific discovery learning interpretative support (IS) that helped learners with knowledge access and the generation of integrative understanding, experimental support (ES) that scaffolded learners in the systematic and logical design of experiments. In result, (1) learners' reasoning ability had significant effect on the posttest of principle knowledge and intuitive understanding. (2) IS had notable effect on the test of principle knowledge and intuitive understanding. (3) There was a clear interaction between ES and reasoning ability on the test of principle knowledge, indicating that ES had positive influence to low reasoning ability learners, while it had negative effect among the middle ability group. Significant positive effect was observed for ES on the quality of the experiments designed by learners during learning processes. These results imply that the meaningfulness and systematic logicality of discovery processes have prominent effect to simulation based discovery learning; hence learning supports should be designed towards the two spheres. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(167) Select ORTHOGRAPHIC AND PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSING IN READING CHINESE Wong Kin, Fai Ellick, Chen Hsuan-Chih(Department 0f Psychologr, The Chinese University of Hong Kong )    2000, 32 (1): 1-6.   Abstract （1224）            Knowledge map    Save Using the modified moving-window display technique, two experiments were carried out toinvestigate orthographic and phonological processing during Chinese reading and comprehension. Acritical character in each of the experimental passages was manipulated to be either intact,orthographically similar, homophonic, or totally dissimilar to the original character. In Experiment l,only the pointed character was shown, whereas one character to its left and two characters to its rightwere also displayed in degraded quality in Experiment 2. The profiles of the homophonic condition werethe same as those of the dissimilar condition and the orthographically similar-condition at the early stageof processing in both experiments 1 and 2, such that they all deviated from the profile of the intactcondition. Experiment 2 further showed that the violation effects in the dissimilar condition lasted longerthan those in both the homophonic condition and the orthographically similar condition. These results didnot support the notion that phonology played an early and constructive role during Chinese reading,although phonology may have been useful for the recovery of lexical impairment. The minororthographic difference between the intact words and the orthographically similar words was sufficient toproduce a substantial impairment suggesting that orthographic information played an important role inreading Chinese. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(164) Select The Development and Validation of Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale Lei Li,Yang Yang    2007, 39 (04): 688-696.   Abstract （3207）      PDF（pc） （717KB）（3604）       Knowledge map    Save As Internet users grow in number, behavioral disorders related to Internet use have become increasingly prevalent. The term “Pathological Internet Use (PIU)” has been used to describe problematic, excessive, or maladaptive use of the Internet. Despite mounting interest in how to measure PIU, these assessment instruments focus mostly on adults, especially college students. There have few proper instruments for adolescents in China. It has been argued that the current assessment instruments of PIU are based on different theoretical underpinnings and do not agree on the underlying dimensions of PIU. Thus, we developed the Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale (APIUS) based on the behavioral, emotional and maladaptive cognition symptoms proposed by Davis and the realistic situation in China. The APIUS, background questionnaire eliciting data on basic demographics, weekly on-line hours were administered in a paper and pencil manner to a random sample of ordinary middle school students (N = 1331) and adolescent who have been diagnosed to be pathological internet users (N=30). Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach α, Test-retest reliability, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and t-test were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that APIUS is consisted of six dimensions, including salience, mood alteration, social comfort, tolerance, compulsive internet use/withdrawal symptoms, and negative outcomes. APIUS had a clear structure, good reliability and validity with satisfactory Cronbach α, Test-retest reliability, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity. T-test also showed pathological internet users had significant higher scores than ordinary middle school students. Based on the Sensitivity, Specificity and Diagnostic Accuracy, this paper suggests the cutoff point of APIUS. The limitations of APIUS have also been discussed Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(158) Select THE EFFECT OF CULTURE ON THINKING STYLE OF CHINESE PEOPLE Hou Yubo, Zhu Ying (Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100871)    2002, 34 (01): 107-112.   Abstract （2369）            Knowledge map    Save The concept of culture refers to aspects of life, including thinking? belief and behavioral style that are specific to particular societies. Culture casts influence on people who live in it by three facets:observable artifacts? values and underlying assumptions . In this article, on the basis of analyzingmethod and train of thought of cultural psychology, we attach importance on discussing the relationship between culture and the thinking style of Chinese people. By providing theoretical and experimental evidence, we can prove dialectical thinking and holistic thinking to be notable characteristics of Chinese people. Chinese used to consider a thing with principle of Change?Contradiction and Holism, when apprising a man, Chinese people are not dependent on a person's trait , but his or her social background. Those features not only determine the interpersonal action style of Chinese people , but also make our behavior different from western people. Using those different thinking styles, we can explain Yetes and Zhu's(1987)findings on possibility judgment as well as Joseph Needlham's paradox. This analysis is important to the understanding of Chinese people and future study. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(157) Select EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ATTRIBUTIONAL RETRAINING IN PRIMARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS Han Rensheng(Education Department, Qufu Teacher's University Qufu, 273165)    1998, 30 (4): 442-451.   Abstract （1452）            Knowledge map    Save Based on the attributional theory, this study selected two groups of students from third grade primary school, second grade junior middle school and senior middle school. One was the experimental group, the other was the control group. The experiment was staged to pretest, pedagogy interference and posttest. Both groups had pretest, and posttest. The experimental group had attributional retaining at the stage of pedagogy interference, but not the control group. The findings showed f (1) attributional retraining can transfer the student's attributional tendency, expectation on future success and emotional reaction to positive direction; (2) attributional retraining can enhance the student's achievement motivation, (3) attributional retaining can enhance the student's persistency. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(155) Select THE COMPETENCY MODEL OF SENIOR MANAGERS IN CHINESE FAMILY FIRMS Zhong Lifeng,Shi Kan    2004, 36 (01): 110-115.   Abstract （3182）      PDF（pc） （143KB）（2946）       Knowledge map    Save The study choosed 18 senior managers of family firms in Wenzhou, China, conducted the Behavioral Event Interview, established the competency model of senior mangers in the family firms and validate the competency assessment method. The results showed: Firstly, competency scores using coding standard of average level and using coding standard of competency frequencies showed more reliability, competency’s maximal level of complexity was influenced by interview length. And competency scores using coding standard of average level and using coding atandard of maximal level of complexity, could differentiate superstars and average performers. Secondly, the competencies of senior mangers in family firms include: Authoritarianism Orientation, Initiative, Seizing Opprotunities, Information Seeking, Organization Awareness, Directiveness, Benevolence and Consideration, Self-control, Self-confidence, Self-learning, Impact and Influence. And in all the 11 competencies, there are 9 competencies being similar to that of the generic competency model of senior managers in the overseas firms, 8 competencies being similar to that of the generic competency model of state-owned firms in China. And Authoritarianism Orientation and Benevolence and Consideration are the exclusive competencies which are included in the competency model of senior mangers in Chinese family firms. Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(152)