健康目标启动降低高热量食物消费

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.00840

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高热量食物摄入导致的能量正平衡是导致肥胖的原因之一。本研究通过3个实验考察了健康目标启动能否以及如何降低高热量食物的消费, 提高低热量食物的消费。结果发现：(1)健康目标启动能够显著减少人们对高热量食物的消费, 增加对低热量食物的消费。(2)对食物的情感预测分别在健康目标启动减少高热量食物消费、增加低热量食物消费中起中介作用。因此, 健康目标启动可以通过降低(增加)对高(低)热量食物的情感预测来帮助人们减少(增加)高(低)热量食物的选择和消费。

关键词: 健康目标启动, 高热量食物, 低热量食物, 情感预测

Abstract:

Obesity is an important risk factor for many diseases. Consuming too much high-calorie food is one of the important factors that lead to obesity. Thus, it is important to investigate how to reduce high-calorie food consumption. The present study investigated the impact of health goal priming on high/low-calorie food consumption and the mediating role of affective forecast.

To test the hypotheses, three experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, a total of 40 participants were randomly divided into two conditions. One half looked at pictures of the discobolus to prime their health goal, while the other half looked at geometry pictures as a control group. Then, participants made a choice between a beef sandwich and a vegetable sandwich. The participants in the goal priming condition chose more vegetable sandwiches and fewer beef sandwiches than those of the control condition. A chi-square test showed that the difference was significant, χ ²(1) = 5.01, p = 0.025. Therefore, goal priming helps people to reduce high-calorie food choices and increase low-calorie food choices.

In Experiment 2, with a 2 (goal priming vs. control group) × 2 (high calorie vs. low calorie) between- subject design, we investigated the mediating role of affective forecast in a field experiment. The health goal was primed in the same way as in Experiment 1. In the low-calorie framing condition, the instructions mentioned that this new type of M&M contains low-calorie, highly rated, imported ingredients. In the high-calorie framing condition, participants were told that this new type of M&M contains high-calorie, highly rated, imported ingredients. An analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction between priming condition and calorie framing, F(1,76) = 8.37, p = 0.005. Mediation analysis showed that the affective forecast of chocolate mediated the impact of health goal priming on high/low-calorie chocolate consumption.

In Experiment 3, a total of 88 adults of a travel group were randomly divided into two buses. Participants in one bus were provided a menu with a picture of discobolus to prime their health goal, while those of the other bus were provided a menu with geometry pictures as a control group. Participants were asked to choose between cheese sandwich crackers and sugar-free chive crackers as snacks. Before ordering the snack, they first predicted how happy they would be after eating the two kinds of crackers. The results showed that participants in the goal priming condition chose more chive crackers than those in the control condition. A chi-square test showed that the difference was significant, χ ²(1) = 7.11, p = 0.008. Mediation analysis showed that the affective forecast of crackers mediated the impact of health goal priming on the choice of high/low-calorie crackers.

The present study investigated the impact of goal priming on high/low-calorie food consumption and the mediated role of affective forecast. The findings could help people to reduce high-calorie food consumption and increase low-calorie food consumption.

Key words: health goal priming, high-calorie food, low-calorie food, affective forecast

中图分类号:

B849: C91

耿晓伟, 张峰, 王艳净, 范琳琳, 姚艳. (2018). 健康目标启动降低高热量食物消费. 心理学报, 50(8), 840-847.

GENG Xiaowei, ZHANG Feng, WAGN Yanjing, FAN Linlin, YAO Yan. (2018). Health goal priming decreases high-calorie food consumption. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 50(8), 840-847.

图/表 2

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