ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 517-527.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.00517

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 流动和城市家庭中母亲的控制策略与 幼儿顺从行为

武 萌1,2;陈欣银3; 张 莹1;卢 珊1;王争艳1   

  1.  (1首都师范大学心理学院, 首都师范大学儿童发展研究中心, 北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室, 北京 100048) (2新乡医学院心理学院, 新乡 453003) (3宾夕法尼亚大学教育学院, 美国费城 19104-6216)
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-10 发布日期:2018-03-31 出版日期:2018-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 王争艳, E-mail: wangzhengyan@cnu.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: wangzhengyan@cnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
     国家自然科学基金(31470994)资助。

 Maternal control strategies and children’s compliance among urban and rural-to-urban migrant families

 WU Meng1,2; CHEN Xinyin3; ZHANG Ying1; LU Shan1; WANG Zhengyan1   

  1.  (1 Department of Psychology, Center for Child Development, Learning and Cognitive Key Laboratory, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China) (2 Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China) (3 Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104-6216, USA)
  • Received:2017-04-10 Online:2018-03-31 Published:2018-05-25
  • Contact: WANG Zhengyan, E-mail: wangzhengyan@cnu.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: wangzhengyan@cnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
     

摘要:   对122名3岁幼儿及其母亲(流动家庭46户)进行评估, 考察母亲控制策略的特点、母亲控制策略与幼儿顺从行为的关系以及家庭类别和性别在二者关系中的调节作用。结果表明:(1)流动和城市母亲使用最多的均是命令性控制; 流动家庭母亲使用的强制性控制多于城市母亲, 温和控制略少于城市母亲。(2)两类家庭中, 不同强度的母亲控制都与幼儿的情境性顺从相关。(3)流动家庭母亲的强制性控制正向预测男孩的合作性顺从, 负向预测其不顺从; 流动家庭母亲的强制性控制负向预测女孩的合作性顺从。

关键词: 控制策略, 顺从行为, 流动家庭, 城市家庭, 儿童性别

Abstract:  An important issue in early socialization and human development is how parents exert control in parent-child interaction and how children comply with parental direction. Moreover, it is commonly believed that maternal control strategies may be affected by social-cultural contexts and their changes. Due to the dramatic social change in urban China over the past decades, for example, compared with their counterparts in the 1990s, contemporary parents may use less coercive or power-assertive control strategies to encourage child autonomy. As a result, there may exist differences between urban parents and migrant parents with a rural background in their control behaviors. Nevertheless, little is known about migrant parents’ control strategies and their relations with children’s compliance behaviors. Thus, the primary purpose of the present study was to examine the control strategies used by urban and migrant mothers and their relations with children’s compliance. We were also interested in gender effects given that urban mothers might be more likely than migrant mothers to emphasize gender equality in childrearing. The participants in the study included 122 mother-child dyads (46 from migrant families). Mother-child interactions and maternal and child behaviors in a clean-up sessions in the laboratory were videotaped. Maternal control strategies (gentle control, direct control, forceful control) and children’s compliance behaviors (committed compliance, situational compliance, noncompliance) were coded. Repeated measure, MANOVA, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. The results first showed that both urban and rural-to-urban migrant mothers used more direct control strategies than other strategies. Migrant mothers used more forceful control and less gentle control than urban mothers. The results also showed that maternal control strategies were significantly correlated to children’s situational compliance in the two groups. Specifically, migrant mothers’ gentle control and direct control strategies were positively related to children’s situational compliance, and urban mothers’ gentle control and forceful control were positively related to children’s situational compliance. Finally, family type and gender had moderating effects on the relations between maternal forceful control strategies and children’s compliance behaviors. Simple slope analysis showed that migrant mothers’ forceful control was positively associated with committed compliance in boys and negatively associated with committed compliance in girls. Migrant mothers’ forceful control was also negatively associated with noncompliance in boys. The relations between urban mothers’ forceful control and their children’s compliance behaviors were not moderated by child gender. These results suggest that social, economic, and cultural background factors may play a significant role in shaping parental control strategies and their functions in child development. Parenting practices interventions should take into account the economic and cultural features of the group the parents belong to, and also the children’s characteristics (e.g., gender).

Key words: maternal control strategies, compliance behaviors, rural-to-urban migrant family, urban family, child gender

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