关键词: 新手—熟手—专家型教师, 教学策略, 成就目标定向, 人格特征, 职业承诺和职业倦怠

Abstract: Aiming at understanding well about the teachers’ teaching development, we had used some scales to carry out two studies which involved with 433 and 469 subjects respectively on the teaching strategies, achievement goal orientation, personality characteristic, professional commitment and job burnout of the novice, proficient, expert teachers. The results showed that: ⑴ For the issues of teaching strategies, achievement goal orientation and personality characteristic, the expert teachers are better than proficient ones, and the proficient teachers are better than novice ones. When it’s turn to the question of professional commitment as well as job burnout, the expert teachers achieve better than proficient teachers and novice teachers while there’s no difference among the proficient teachers and novice teachers. ⑵ The main features of novice teachers are attaching importance on pre-class preparation and performance goal are their important working motivation; the proficient teachers have the main characteristics of high performance in in-class teaching strategies, the emergence of task goal as the influential motivation for work and they have the personality of easy-going, concerning about others, gregarious, tolerant. And the expert teachers proclaim the features of taking the pre-class planning of teaching strategies, after-class evaluation and reflectivity as the central part, having the personality of being stable in emotion, being rational, practical, confident and good in criticism, and the high-profile emotional commitment in the profession of teaching as well as the strong sense of professional achievement also contribute to their main features. ⑶ These three types of teachers have no differences in after-class compensation strategy, performance goal, intro- and extroversion, continuance commitment, emotional exhaustion, in other words, these are the teachers common points.

Key words: novice, proficient and expert teacher, teaching strategies, achievement goal orientation, personality characteristic, profession commitment, job burnout