ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (增刊): 60-65.

• 汉语和日语的认知研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

字汇辨识作业：一个探讨汉字辨识历程的新方法

胡志伟1, 郑谷苑2   

  1. 1.台湾大学心理系,台北;
    2.中原大学心理系,桃园
  • 发布日期:2021-06-21 出版日期:2000-12-30

LEXICAL RECOGNITION TASK:A NEW METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF CHINESE CHARACTER RECOGNITION

Chih-Wei Hue1, Angela Ku-Yuan Tzeng2   

  1. 1. Taiwan University,Taipei;
    2. Chung-Yung Christian University, Tau-Yuan
  • Online:2021-06-21 Published:2000-12-30

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摘要： 在“字汇判断作业”中,每个尝试都会呈现一个刺激项,让受试者做“是不是一个真正的字”的判断。过去的研究者认为,“字汇通达”是执行“字汇判断作业”的必要心理历程;所以“字汇判断作业”一直是研究者最常用来探讨文字辨识历程的研究方法。然而有一些探讨英文字辨识历程的研究者指出,除了“字汇触接”历程之外,受试者还可以根据字的熟悉度,来执行“是不是字”的判断。这显示,“字汇判断作业”并不是一个很好的研究字辨识历程的方法。
“字汇判断作业”也是探讨汉字辨识历程的常用方法。然而,以这种方法探讨汉字的辨识历程,除了会产生类似英文研究的问题外,还会发生其它的问题。例如,一个中文读者绝少在日常生活中做“是不是字”的判断;所以本研究认为“字汇判断作业”并不是一个适合用来探讨汉字辨识历程的实验方法。为了解决这个问题,研究者提出了一种新的探讨汉字辨识历程的方法。这种名为“字汇辨识作业”的方法和“字汇判断作业”非常相似,只是受试者在实验中不做“是不是字”的判断,改做“认不认识这个字”的表示。实验发现,和“字汇判断作业”比较,从事“字汇辨识作业”的受试者比较不会对“假字”做出假警报反应。这个研究结果显示,“字汇辨识作业”比“字汇判断作业”更适合用来探讨汉字的辨识历程。

关键词: 汉字, 字汇辨识, 字汇判断作业

Abstract: The Lexical Decision Task (LDT) is frequently used to study the processes of word recognition. However, the results of a number of studies on English word recognition indicated that the LDT is really a discrimination task rather than a lexical access task. Thus, the word frequency effects on lexical decision time, which were reported in many studies and were used to build many word recognition models, were exaggerated.
The LDT is also a frequently used task to study the processes of Chinese character recognition. However, using the LDT to study character recognition processing will not only encounter problems found in English research but also face other problems, e.g., the LDT is not a culturally appropriate task for studying Chinese. The present research contrasted subjects' performance on the LDT and on a new task called the lexical recognition task (LRT), and found that the LRT yielded lower false alarm rate in the pseudo-character condition than the LDT did. These results indicated that subjects used less orthographic strategy in making lexical recognition decisions than in making the lexical decisions. The researchers argued that the LRT is a better task in the study of character recognition processing than the LDT.

Key words: Chinese characters, character recognition, word recognition, lexical decision task