汉字再认和命名任务中字义、字音、字形启动效应的比较研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过运用启动范式和对字频及启动刺激呈现时间的控制,评价了同音启动、语义相关启动和同形启动在汉字识别和命名任务中的效应。在高频字中,同音启动和语义相关启动在命名和识别任务中均不显着,但字形启动的抑制效应在两种任务中均显着;当目标字是低频字时,语义启动效应在识别和命名任务中的各种情况下均显着,而同音启动仅在某些情况中显着。这些结果验证了作者在以前文章中的结论。研究发现,尽管字频效应极为显著,而且语义启动效应在低频字上也存在,但同音启动效应在两种任务上并未被稳定观测到,同音启动的程度在各情况下皆不高于语义启动。该研究的结论与Perfetti等提出的理论有所不同。

关键词: 词汇通达, 频率效应, 词典前语音, 启动效应

Abstract: The present study evaluated the effects of homophonic, semantically-related, and graphically-similar primes on character recognition and naming by adopting a within-trials priming procedure and manipulating the character frequency and stimulus onset asynchrony. The experimental results showed that both homophonic and semantically-related primes did not have any priming effect on the processing of high-frequency characters either in recognition or naming task. A facilitation effect of semantic priming was repeatedly observed both in recognition and naming tasks when the target character was of low frequency, while the facilitation effect of homophonic primes was only found in the naming task. An inhibitory effect of graphically-similar primes was also discovered for both tasks. The results confirmed the findings in our previous work ^[1]. No reliable homophonic priming facilitation effect was obtained in the lexical decision task although character frequency effect and semantic priming effect on the low-frequency character were both vivid. The facilitation effect of homophonic priming can never be greater than that of semantic primes. Our results contradicted the conclusions formed by Perfetti and his colleagues.

Key words: Lexical access, frequency effect, pre-lexical phonology, priming effect

吴瑞屯, 周泰立. (2000). 汉字再认和命名任务中字义、字音、字形启动效应的比较研究. 心理学报, 32(增刊), 34-41.

Jei-Tun Wu, Tai-Li Chou. (2000). THE COMPARISON OF RELATIVE EFFECTS OF SEMANTIC, HOMOPHONIC AND GRAPHIC PRIMING ON CHINESE CHARACTER RECOGNITION AND NAMING. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 32(增刊), 34-41.

参考文献

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