ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1997, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 38-43.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

选择性注意中意识与无意识过程分离的实验研究

张雅旭;金志成   

  1. 东北师范大学心理系
  • 出版日期:1997-03-25 发布日期:1997-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 张雅旭

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE DISSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES IN SELECTIVE ATTENTION

Zhang Yaxu Jin Zhicheng (Department of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,130024)   

  • Published:1997-03-25 Online:1997-03-25

摘要： 以汉语单字词为材料，通过颜色来区分目标和分心物，采用过程分离程序，直接探讨了目标激活与分心物抑制和意识、无意识过程之间的关系。结果表明，（１）靶词充当分心物时，不仅意识过程存在的概率降低，无意识过程存在的概率也降低。这一结果说明，在选择性注意任务中，信息是有关还是无关，并不能分离意识和无意识过程；（２）靶词充当目标时，加工水平影响Ｐｃ，但不影响Ｐｕ，而靶词充当分心物时，加工水平既不影响Ｐｃ，也不影响Ｐｕ。因此，加工水平能否分离意识和无意识过程，依赖于靶词的作用或信息是否有关

关键词: 目标激活, 分心物抑制, 正负启动, 比例效应, 过程分离程序

Abstract: Using Chinese single character words as materials,red as targets and green as distractors,with process dissociation procedure,the study examined directly the relationship between target activation/distractor inhibition and conscious/unconscious processes.The results showed:1.Identity of the Critical Words influenced not only the estimation of value Pc,but also that of value Pu.Both Pc and Pu decreased when the Critical Words worked as distractors,which meant making information unrelated decreased not only the degree with which conscious processes were involved,but also the degree with which unconscious processes were involved;2.The level of processing(LoP)affected Pc,but not Pu when the Critical Words worked as targets.However,LoP didn′t affect Pc and Pu when the Critical Words worked as distractors.Therefore,whether LoP could dissociate conscious and unconscious processes depended on the identity of the Critical Words or whether information was related.

Key words: target activation, distractor inhibition, positive and negative priming, proportion effect, process dissociation procedure