ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1962, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (3): 49-60.

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初入学儿童学习汉字的記忆特点

万云英 ;楊期正   

  • 发布日期:1962-09-25 出版日期:1962-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 万云英

THE SPECIAL IN ASPECTS IN MEMORIZING CHINESE CHARACTERS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

VAN YEN YIN, ZIAN CHI TSEN   

  • Online:1962-09-25 Published:1962-09-25

摘要: <正> 汉字是由音、义、形三个基本因素构成的复合体。它是以字詞的語言构造和对象意义为基础、以文字符号为形式而組成的一个有机整体。就字形来說,又是由各种基本笔划、偏旁部首、基本字根据汉字結构規則組成的一个个文字。所謂正确牢固地掌握汉字不仅包括熟記字形的完整結构,而且要形成該字的音义形三者紧密联系的統一整体,最后达到

关键词: NULL

Abstract: Chinese characters are taken as some complex stimuli composed of three fundamental elements, namely, the phonetic sound, the meaning and their symbolic sings. For the beginners, learning Chinese characters is a complex process of differentiation and synthesis. It is likewise a composite process of perception, memorizing and thinking. This study is carried out with systematic observation and experiment with 160 pupils from three sections of the first year class from two elementary schools in Shanghai. We find that the beginners in memorizing Chinese characters has to go through the following three stages:1. The development of generalization of general relation between the different parts made up of the symbolic signs of the characters, and their relation with the phonetic sound and the meaning of the characters.2. The development of differentiation often being neglected in its details, between the different parts made up of symbolic signs of the characters, and their relation with the phonetic sound and the meaning of the characters.3. The development of the permanent and specific differentiation between the different parts made up of symbolic signs of characters, and their relation between the phonetic sound and the meaning of the characters.The experimental study indicates that there are three essential factors affecting the children in handling Chinese characters effeciently and economically, namely, the level of the physical and mental development of the child; the essential parts of the formation of Chinese characters, and the method of instruction. On the basis of the specific features of Chinese characters and the level of the intellectual development of the child the way of instruction plays an important role.

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