父母严厉管教与儿童情绪管理的动态双向关系：基于随机截距交叉滞后模型的分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.1553

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “棍棒底下出孝子”等传统观念深刻影响着中国家庭教养。作为发生率较高的教养行为, 父母严厉管教与儿童情绪管理密切相关。然而, 二者间的关系模式仍不明确, 尤其缺乏基于父母角色分化视角, 在个体间与个体内双层面上的系统探讨。鉴于此, 本研究对560名学龄儿童及其父母双亲进行了4次追踪测查, 通过构建随机截距交叉滞后模型, 从个体间和个体内两个层面探究了父母严厉管教与儿童9种情绪管理方式的动态双向关系。结果发现, 二者间关系呈现情绪管理方式特异性和父母角色差异。在个体间水平上, 父母双方的严厉管教均与儿童愤怒失调、悲伤失调和焦虑失调显著正相关, 与悲伤应对显著负相关;; 此外, 母亲严厉管教与愤怒应对、焦虑抑制和焦虑应对显著负相关。在个体内水平上, 母亲严厉管教仅与儿童愤怒管理存在显著关联, 具体表现为愤怒失调的母亲驱动效应、愤怒抑制的儿童驱动效应以及愤怒应对的双向关系; 而父亲严厉管教与儿童9种情绪管理方式之间的关系均不显著。研究结果为亲子关系双向理论提供了新的证据, 为制定差异化家庭干预方案提供了依据。

关键词: 父母严厉管教, 儿童情绪管理, 动态双向关系, 个体间, 个体内

Abstract: As an important component of child adjustment, child emotion regulation has received increasing attention. It is widely recognized that parental harsh discipline strongly influences the growth of child emotion regulation. However, the direction of influence is not necessarily unidirectional, child emotion regulation can also exert influences on parental harsh discipline, and the associations may change over time. Thus, the present study attempts to explore dynamic reciprocal associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation. Given that the cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) fails to separate between-person variance from within-person variance, we used random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to explore the reciprocal associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation.
The longitudinal sample consisted of 560 father-mother dyads and their children (56.79% boys, 43.21% girls) in Jinan, China. At T1, the average ages of the children, fathers, and mothers were 9.41 years (SD = 1.00), 37.13 years (SD = 5.04), and 36.14 years (SD = 4.72), respectively. During four times points, parents and children respectively reported parents’ harsh discipline using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC). Children reported their emotion regulation using the Children’s Emotion Management Scale (CEMS). SPSS was used to conduct reliability, common method bias tests, and to calculate descriptive statistics. Mplus was used to test longitudinal measurement invariance and conduct RI-CLPMs to test dynamic reciprocal associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation.
The results indicated that all measurements showed good reliability, and there is no serious common method bias, and the results of the longitudinal measurement invariance indicated that changes in all variables over time were reliable. Moreover, the results of the RI-CLPMs showed that at the between-person level, the random intercepts of paternal harsh discipline were significantly positively with the random intercepts of child emotion dysregulation (including anger, sadness and anxiety) and negatively with the random intercept of sadness coping; the random intercepts of maternal harsh discipline were significantly positively with the random intercepts of child emotion dysregulation (including anger, sadness and anxiety) and negatively with the random intercepts of emotion coping (including anger, sadness and anxiety) and anxiety inhibition. In addition, the random intercepts of paternal harsh discipline and maternal harsh discipline were signiﬁcantly positively correlated. At the within-person level, the within-person changes in maternal harsh discipline significantly negatively predicted the within-person changes in child anger dysregulation at the subsequent time point; the within-person changes in child anger inhibition at T2 signiﬁcantly negatively predicted the within-person changes in maternal harsh discipline at T3; maternal harsh discipline and child anger coping were reciprocally negatively predicted at the within-person level between T2 and T3.
In sum, the associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation were found to be different for parent’s roles, child emotion types, and regulation methods. These observations expand the understanding of the complex associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation, having important implications for intervention and improvement of child mental health and parental parenting. In addition, the results differences highlight the importance of distinguishing between-person and within-person levels.

Key words: parental harsh discipline, child emotion regulation, dynamic reciprocal associations, between-person, within-person

刘莉, 王静怡, 邢晓沛, 王美芳. (2026). 父母严厉管教与儿童情绪管理的动态双向关系：基于随机截距交叉滞后模型的分析. 心理学报, 58(8), 1553-1566.

LIU Li, WANG Jingyi, XING Xiaopei, WANG Meifang. (2026). Dynamic reciprocal associations between parental harsh discipline and child emotion regulation: An analysis based on random intercept cross-lagged panel model. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 58(8), 1553-1566.

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