心理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 349-361.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00349
孙启武1,2, 吴才智1,3, 于丽霞1,2(), 王巍欣4, 沈国成4
收稿日期:
2020-07-01
发布日期:
2021-04-07
出版日期:
2021-04-25
通讯作者:
于丽霞
E-mail:yulixia@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
SUN Qiwu1,2, WU Caizhi1,3, YU Lixia1,2(), WANG Weixin4, SHEN Guocheng4
Received:
2020-07-01
Online:
2021-04-07
Published:
2021-04-25
Contact:
YU Lixia
E-mail:yulixia@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
摘要:
进度反馈指将对当事人的标准化测量结果和解释反馈给咨询师的干预, 其目的在于矫正咨询师对咨询效果主观评估的偏差, 提高咨询效果。考虑到咨询师和当事人“面对面”的标准反馈程序不符合我国社会文化习惯, 采用多层结构方程模型, 分析了自然情境下非“面对面”的进度反馈对工作同盟和咨询效果的影响。结果发现, 在组间水平, 反馈组的工作同盟质量更好; 在组内水平, 工作同盟与症状是相互预测的关系。在结案时, 反馈组在抑郁症状和咨询的有帮助性上效果更好。结论是进度反馈对工作同盟和咨询效果有积极影响。研究从工作同盟和中国人的关系角度拓展了对进度反馈作用机制的认识, 为进度反馈的应用提供了基于实践干预有效的证据。
中图分类号:
孙启武, 吴才智, 于丽霞, 王巍欣, 沈国成. (2021). 阅读进度反馈信息对工作同盟和咨询效果的影响. 心理学报, 53(4), 349-361.
SUN Qiwu, WU Caizhi, YU Lixia, WANG Weixin, SHEN Guocheng. (2021). Progress feedback and its effects on working alliance and treatment outcomes. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 53(4), 349-361.
会谈 次数 | 阅读进度反馈信息组 | 对照组 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CORE-OM | WAQ | CORE-OM | WAQ | |||||||
N | M | SD | M | SD | N | M | SD | M | SD | |
1 | 263 | 16.33 | 6.28 | 46.16 | 7.56 | 87 | 17.06 | 5.81 | 45.09 | 8.18 |
2 | 218 | 15.06 | 6.45 | 47.59 | 7.07 | 76 | 16.01 | 6.11 | 45.68 | 8.69 |
3 | 176 | 14.53 | 6.61 | 49.18 | 6.99 | 56 | 16.29 | 5.59 | 45.54 | 9.53 |
4 | 138 | 14.49 | 6.64 | 49.80 | 6.23 | 44 | 17.18 | 5.98 | 46.61 | 8.61 |
5 | 113 | 14.85 | 7.12 | 51.15 | 6.13 | 40 | 16.14 | 5.94 | 47.88 | 8.00 |
6 | 75 | 14.71 | 6.81 | 51.04 | 6.06 | 29 | 14.78 | 6.46 | 50.24 | 7.70 |
7 | 30 | 17.93 | 6.49 | 50.9 | 6.75 | 13 | 17.00 | 6.99 | 48.62 | 10.07 |
8 | 23 | 16.27 | 8.36 | 51.69 | 6.28 | 12 | 15.00 | 6.39 | 50.00 | 8.80 |
9 | 19 | 15.74 | 8.68 | 52.88 | 6.03 | 9 | 16.33 | 4.69 | 48.00 | 7.31 |
10 | 14 | 14.71 | 8.55 | 51.33 | 6.65 | 8 | 16.13 | 3.09 | 48.75 | 8.01 |
11 | 7 | 13.14 | 9.74 | 51.43 | 5.19 | 8 | 14.38 | 4.75 | 50.86 | 6.09 |
12 | 6 | 13.20 | 13.01 | 52.33 | 5.65 | 7 | 16.00 | 4.58 | 51.71 | 6.47 |
13 | 3 | 29 | 49.33 | 4.16 | 6 | 15.83 | 5.34 | 51.50 | 5.96 | |
14 | 1 | 24 | 49 | 6 | 16.00 | 6.57 | 49.83 | 7.39 | ||
15 | 1 | 24 | 51 | 5 | 17.00 | 9.97 | 48.40 | 5.59 | ||
16 | 1 | 31 | 56 | 2 | 22.5 | 0.71 | 41.00 | |||
17 | 1 | 36 | 53 | 1 | 16.00 | 37.00 |
表1 阅读进度反馈信息组与对照组的描述性统计
会谈 次数 | 阅读进度反馈信息组 | 对照组 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CORE-OM | WAQ | CORE-OM | WAQ | |||||||
N | M | SD | M | SD | N | M | SD | M | SD | |
1 | 263 | 16.33 | 6.28 | 46.16 | 7.56 | 87 | 17.06 | 5.81 | 45.09 | 8.18 |
2 | 218 | 15.06 | 6.45 | 47.59 | 7.07 | 76 | 16.01 | 6.11 | 45.68 | 8.69 |
3 | 176 | 14.53 | 6.61 | 49.18 | 6.99 | 56 | 16.29 | 5.59 | 45.54 | 9.53 |
4 | 138 | 14.49 | 6.64 | 49.80 | 6.23 | 44 | 17.18 | 5.98 | 46.61 | 8.61 |
5 | 113 | 14.85 | 7.12 | 51.15 | 6.13 | 40 | 16.14 | 5.94 | 47.88 | 8.00 |
6 | 75 | 14.71 | 6.81 | 51.04 | 6.06 | 29 | 14.78 | 6.46 | 50.24 | 7.70 |
7 | 30 | 17.93 | 6.49 | 50.9 | 6.75 | 13 | 17.00 | 6.99 | 48.62 | 10.07 |
8 | 23 | 16.27 | 8.36 | 51.69 | 6.28 | 12 | 15.00 | 6.39 | 50.00 | 8.80 |
9 | 19 | 15.74 | 8.68 | 52.88 | 6.03 | 9 | 16.33 | 4.69 | 48.00 | 7.31 |
10 | 14 | 14.71 | 8.55 | 51.33 | 6.65 | 8 | 16.13 | 3.09 | 48.75 | 8.01 |
11 | 7 | 13.14 | 9.74 | 51.43 | 5.19 | 8 | 14.38 | 4.75 | 50.86 | 6.09 |
12 | 6 | 13.20 | 13.01 | 52.33 | 5.65 | 7 | 16.00 | 4.58 | 51.71 | 6.47 |
13 | 3 | 29 | 49.33 | 4.16 | 6 | 15.83 | 5.34 | 51.50 | 5.96 | |
14 | 1 | 24 | 49 | 6 | 16.00 | 6.57 | 49.83 | 7.39 | ||
15 | 1 | 24 | 51 | 5 | 17.00 | 9.97 | 48.40 | 5.59 | ||
16 | 1 | 31 | 56 | 2 | 22.5 | 0.71 | 41.00 | |||
17 | 1 | 36 | 53 | 1 | 16.00 | 37.00 |
路径和效用 | 标准化解 | 后验SD | 单尾p | 95%置信区间 |
---|---|---|---|---|
阅读进度反馈信息影响模型 | ||||
组内水平 | ||||
症状的自回归效用(coret-1->coret) | 0.37* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.36, 0.53 |
工作同盟的自回归效用(wait-1->wait) | 0.61* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.49, 0.66 |
工作同盟预测症状(wait-1-> coret) | -0.14* | 0.03 | <0.001 | -0.19, -0.07 |
症状预测工作同盟(coret-1-> wait-1) | -0.08* | 0.03 | 0.002 | -0.15, -0.03 |
组间水平 | ||||
工作同盟预测症状(wai-> core) | -0.09 | 0.28 | 0.357 | -0.52, 0.54 |
反馈预测症状(feedback-> core) | -0.12 | 0.16 | 0.221 | -0.52, 0.14 |
反馈预测工作同盟(feedback-> wai) | 0.38* | 0.16 | 0.008 | 0.07, 0.72 |
缺失值检验模型 | ||||
组内水平 | ||||
症状的自回归效用(coret-1->coret) | 0.53* | 0.06 | <0.001 | 0.42, 0.66 |
工作同盟的自回归效用(wait-1->wait) | 0.63* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.55, 0.70 |
工作同盟预测症状(wait-1-> coret) | -0.12* | 0.03 | <0.001 | -0.17, -0.06 |
症状预测工作同盟(coret-1-> wait-1) | -0.08* | 0.02 | <0.001 | -0.13, -0.04 |
组间水平 | ||||
工作同盟预测症状(wai-> core) | -0.09 | 0.22 | 0.303 | -0.49, 0.38 |
反馈预测症状(feedback-> core) | -0.07 | 0.14 | 0.223 | -0.44, 0.15 |
反馈预测工作同盟(feedback-> wai) | 0.39* | 0.16 | 0.003 | 0.12, 0.77 |
表2 多层线性模型贝叶斯分析的标准化解和置信区间
路径和效用 | 标准化解 | 后验SD | 单尾p | 95%置信区间 |
---|---|---|---|---|
阅读进度反馈信息影响模型 | ||||
组内水平 | ||||
症状的自回归效用(coret-1->coret) | 0.37* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.36, 0.53 |
工作同盟的自回归效用(wait-1->wait) | 0.61* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.49, 0.66 |
工作同盟预测症状(wait-1-> coret) | -0.14* | 0.03 | <0.001 | -0.19, -0.07 |
症状预测工作同盟(coret-1-> wait-1) | -0.08* | 0.03 | 0.002 | -0.15, -0.03 |
组间水平 | ||||
工作同盟预测症状(wai-> core) | -0.09 | 0.28 | 0.357 | -0.52, 0.54 |
反馈预测症状(feedback-> core) | -0.12 | 0.16 | 0.221 | -0.52, 0.14 |
反馈预测工作同盟(feedback-> wai) | 0.38* | 0.16 | 0.008 | 0.07, 0.72 |
缺失值检验模型 | ||||
组内水平 | ||||
症状的自回归效用(coret-1->coret) | 0.53* | 0.06 | <0.001 | 0.42, 0.66 |
工作同盟的自回归效用(wait-1->wait) | 0.63* | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.55, 0.70 |
工作同盟预测症状(wait-1-> coret) | -0.12* | 0.03 | <0.001 | -0.17, -0.06 |
症状预测工作同盟(coret-1-> wait-1) | -0.08* | 0.02 | <0.001 | -0.13, -0.04 |
组间水平 | ||||
工作同盟预测症状(wai-> core) | -0.09 | 0.22 | 0.303 | -0.49, 0.38 |
反馈预测症状(feedback-> core) | -0.07 | 0.14 | 0.223 | -0.44, 0.15 |
反馈预测工作同盟(feedback-> wai) | 0.39* | 0.16 | 0.003 | 0.12, 0.77 |
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