Abstract: The feedback related negativity (FRN) is an ERP component elicited by feedback stimuli that indicate response errors or monetary losses. This component appeared at about 250-300ms interval after feedback onset and was shown to be generated in anterior cingulate cortex by resource analysis. There are two theories that account for the functional significance of FRN: the reinforcement learning theorists believe that FRN reflects the cognitive processing of the feedback stimulus, whereas the affective-motivational hypothesis argues that FRN mirrors the neural evaluation of emotional and motivational meaning in the feedback stimuli. Despite in-depth insights provided by previous studies into our understanding of FRN, there are still some important questions to be answered, which might be the direction of future studies

Key words: FRN, reinforcement learning theory, affective-motivational hypothesis, Anterior Cingulate Cortex, ERP