Abstract: Developmental dyslexia is an important topic concerning human health and development, exploring its mechanisms will be benefit for therapeutic intervention. Based on reviewing the definition, research topics, and theoretical dispute, the authors mainly introduced the neurological and inherit studies. It was found that the asymmetries of brain structure and function, the activation patterns while conducting cognitive tasks, the time course of activation and visual magnocellular were different between dyslexia and normal readers. The concordance of developmental dyslexia in monozygotic twins was much higher than that in dizygotic twins. Studies had also demonstrated linkage of dyslexia to several chromosomes, such as 6, and 15. These results indicated that there were biological foundations underlying developmental dyslexia.

Key words: developmental dyslexia, neurological foundation, inherit.