人类嗓音加工的神经机制——来自正常视力者和盲人的脑神经证据

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.02147

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类嗓音作为听觉环境的重要组成部分, 包含了大量副语言信息以帮助识别个体身份, 尤其对于盲人而言, 视觉面孔经验的缺乏使得嗓音信息成为其感知对方个体特征的主要来源。通过结合正常视力者和盲人在嗓音选择性加工和嗓音身份加工方面的研究, 尝试揭示普遍的人类嗓音加工模式以及盲人特异的嗓音加工机制。此外, 与视觉面孔加工相关的梭状回脑区也参与并卷入了两类人群的嗓音加工任务, 以此为基础梳理的视听整合模型和基于去掩蔽效应的跨模态重组假说, 为这两类人群嗓音加工神经基础的差异性提供了相应的解释机制, 未来研究希望可以进一步探究盲人的嗓音加工策略, 以及考察左侧颞上沟/回脑区在嗓音加工中的作用。

关键词: 嗓音身份加工, 正常视力者, 盲人群体, 梭状回, 面孔加工

Abstract:

The human voice, as an important part of one's auditory environment, contains a large amount of paralinguistic information to help identify individuals. Especially for blind individuals, the lack of visual face experience makes voice information the main source of perceiving another person's individual characteristics. By combining the research on voice-selective and voice-identity processing among both sighted and blind individuals, the present study attempts to reveal the general human voice processing mode and specific voice processing mechanism among blind persons. It also shows that the fusiform gyrus related to visual face processing are involved in voice tasks in both groups. The auditory-visual integration model and cross-modal reorganization hypothesis based on the “unmasking effect”, provide respective explanation mechanisms for the different neural bases of voice processing between the two subjects. Future, researchers should further investigate the voice processing strategies of blind individuals and the role of the left superior temporal sulcus/gyrus in voice processing.

Key words: voice identity processing, sighted subjects, blind subjects, fusiform gyrus, face processing

中图分类号:

B842

明莉莉, 胡学平. (2021). 人类嗓音加工的神经机制——来自正常视力者和盲人的脑神经证据. 心理科学进展 , 29(12), 2147-2160.

MING Lili, HU Xueping. (2021). The neural mechanisms for human voice processing: Neural evidence from sighted and blind subjects. Advances in Psychological Science, 29(12), 2147-2160.

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