睡眠与工作：相互作用机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2018.01844

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

睡眠问题在现代社会的职场人士中日益严重, 受到研究者广泛关注。本文基于近年来国内外重要的实证研究, 对工作场所中睡眠问题的界定、测量、影响因素与影响后果进行了系统梳理。总体来看, 研究者主要从睡眠时长、睡眠质量两个维度衡量个体睡眠情况, 并通过客观的仪器记录和主观的自我报告两种方式进行测量。影响个体睡眠情况的因素可分为环境因素、认知因素和行为因素三类, 同时不良的睡眠情况又会对员工的心理层面与行为层面产生消极影响, 引发组织偏离行为和工作事故等。未来的研究可深入探讨睡眠的研究方法, 关注纵向设计与实验室实验等方法, 并着眼于影响睡眠的因素与相关调节变量, 为管理政策的制定提出意见, 同时关注高龄工作者的睡眠问题以及工作-家庭冲突对睡眠的影响。

关键词: 睡眠, 工作场所, 情绪, 工作绩效, 干预

Abstract:

Sleep-related problems are becoming increasingly severer for workers, which draw great attention from researchers. Based on important empirical researches in recent years, we finish a systematic summary of the conceptualization, measurement, antecedents and consequences of sleep in the workplace. In general, researches measure individual’s sleep from two dimensions including sleep duration and sleep quality. Objective records and subjective reports are both used to collect data. Antecedents of sleep problems can be classified as environmental factors, cognitive factor and behavioral factors. Unsatisfactory sleep also has a negative influence on the psychological state and behaviors of workers, which may lead to workplace deviance and accidents. Future researches can explore deeply the research methods of sleep and pay attention to longitudinal design and experimental design. Also, antecedents and relevant moderators deserve great concern and can be applied for the management policy setting. Besides, sleep problems of aged workers and the impact of work-family conflict on sleep are also meaningful topics.

Key words: sleep, workplace, affect, job performance, intervention

盛小添, 刘耔含, 张西超, 郭恒, 笪姝, 周诗怡. (2018). 睡眠与工作：相互作用机制. 心理科学进展 , 26(10), 1844-1856.

SHENG Xiaotian, LIU Zihan, ZHANG Xichao, GUO Heng, DA Shu, ZHOU Shiyi. (2018). Sleep and work: The interactive mechanism. Advances in Psychological Science, 26(10), 1844-1856.

图/表 1

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