ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (9): 1588-1598.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.01588

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

焦虑障碍的认知偏向矫正:应用与争议

李松蔚;樊富珉   

  1. (清华大学心理学系, 北京 100083)
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-01 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-09-15
  • 通讯作者: 樊富珉, E-mail: ffm@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Cognitive Bias Modification for Anxiety Disorders: Application and Conflict

LI Songwei; FAN Fumin   

  1. (Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China)
  • Received:2014-07-01 Online:2015-09-15 Published:2015-09-15
  • Contact: FAN Fumin, E-mail: ffm@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要:

认知偏向是焦虑障碍患者的重要认知特征, 是指患者或高焦虑个体对负性或威胁性信息存在认知加工方面的偏向。目前该领域的研究聚焦于注意偏向和解释偏向。近年来, 研究者致力于将认知偏向的矫正应用于焦虑障碍患者的临床治疗, 得到了不一致的结果。本文总结了将认知偏向矫正应用于临床实践的不同方式, 并从主观报告的疗效证据、行为及生理指标的疗效证据, 以及未发现疗效证据的研究三方面回顾了近年来的研究成果。对于结果的高度不一致, 本文从期望效应、干预对象、因变量和其它参数等方面探讨了可能的原因, 并讨论了未来可能的研究方向。

关键词: 焦虑障碍, 注意偏向, 解释偏向, 认知偏向矫正

Abstract:

Cognitive bias, the core cognitive characteristic in anxious patients, refers to a processing style that heightened the negative or threatening information. Attentional bias and interpretative bias is the most frequently studied in this area and have been proven to be alterable through the laboratory task. Recently, researchers have shown interest to apply the cognitive bias modification task to the clinical intervention for anxiety patients, and the results were mixed. The present article has reviewed different methods. Researchers attempted to manipulate the cognitive bias in clinical practice, as well as the mixed results including self-reported effect, behavioral and physiological effect, and absent effect studies. The authors also tried to interpret the mixed results from the perspective of demanding effect, participant feature, effect indicators, and other potential parameters. Possible directions for future studies in this promising and disappointing area have been discussed.

Key words: anxiety disorder, attentional bias, interpretation bias, cognitive bias modification