ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (12): 1842-1850.

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

刻板印象威胁:新议题与新争议

管健;柴民权   

  1. 南开大学社会心理学系, 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-31 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-12-15 发布日期:2011-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 管健

Stereotype Threat: New Issues and New Controversy

GAUN Jian;CHAI Min-Quan   

  1. Department of Social Psychology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2011-03-31 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-12-15 Published:2011-12-15
  • Contact: GAUN Jian

摘要: 刻板印象威胁是指当个体或群体感知到情境中有关所属群体消极刻板印象存在时, 由于担心和焦虑反而会验证自己或所属群体的消极刻板印象这一过程。大量的实证研究证实, 消极刻板印象的存在会损害个体或群体在相关领域的表现。但新近研究在影响因素中出现了许多新的议题, 如外溢效应、交互作用力和系统性等。在刻板印象威胁的应对和干预策略中也突破了以往的研究路线, 围绕认同融合与认同分离、否定策略的适用性、促进效应与窒息效应、角色榜样策略的矛盾性、认同转换策略和弱化群体边界的有效性以及群体互动改善效果等展开了新的讨论与纷争。通过对这些新议题和新讨论的梳理与阐释, 提出了未来研究可尝试的路径。

关键词: 刻板印象威胁外溢, 刻板印象威胁促进效应, 刻板印象威胁窒息效应

Abstract: Stereotype threat has become one of the most vigorously explored topics of the past decade in social psychology. It is a situational predicament where individuals are at risk, by dint of their actions or behaviors, of confirming negative stereotypes about their groups. There are some new development and new controversy on the stereotype threat, such as stereotype threat spillover, interaction and systematic. More specifically, it has several new issues on the coping and intervention strategies, such as identity fusion, denial strategy, stereotype performance boosts, stereotype threat choking, role, identity change and coping with stereotype threat. We conclude with a discussion of the benefits, limitations, and unique contributions of stereotype threat to our understanding of stigma and social identity threat.

Key words: stereotype threat spillover, stereotype threat boost, stereotype threat choking