ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 269-278.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2014.00269

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

自发性自传体记忆：功能、特征及其理论解释

屈晓兰;钟毅平;杨青松;孟红   

  1. (1湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系, 长沙 410081) (2湖南第一师范学院教育科学系, 长沙 410205) (3 湖南农业大学心理健康教育中心, 长沙 410128)
  • 收稿日期:2013-07-08 出版日期:2014-02-15 发布日期:2014-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 钟毅平
  • 基金资助:

    全国教育科学“十一五”规划课题教育部青年专项项目资助(EBA100364)。

Functions, Characteristics, and Theoretical Explanations of Involuntary Autobiographical Memories

QU Xiaolan;ZHONG Yiping;YANG Qingsong;MENG Hong   

  1. (1 Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China) (2 Department of Education and Science, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China) (3 Mental Health Education Center, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China)
  • Received:2013-07-08 Online:2014-02-15 Published:2014-02-15
  • Contact: ZHONG Yiping

PDF (PC)

2256

摘要：

自发性自传体记忆是个体在日常生活中对自身经历的突发性回忆。作为一种普遍的基本记忆方式, 它具有指导功能和自我功能。与自觉性自传体记忆相比, 其特征是：提取方式为基于联想、自下而上加工的直接提取过程, 内容上更倾向于积极情绪事件且复述频率较低, 性质上更具体。相应的解释理论有情景记忆回想理论、线索-启动理论、直接提取理论及概念联想理论。未来研究应注意功能验证、研究系统化、理论整合与跨文化等问题。

关键词: 自发性自传体记忆, 自觉性自传体记忆, 指导功能, 直接提取理论, 概念联想

Abstract:

Involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) are memories of personal experiences that come to mind spontaneously—that is, pop into one’s mind with no preceding attempt at retrieval. As a basic, universal mode of remembering, IAMs may serve directive and self functions. In contrast to voluntary autobiographical memories (VAMs), the characteristics of IAMs are: being based on associations and direct retrieval in a bottom-up manner, involving more positive events and rehearsing less. Meanwhile, IAMs differ from VAMs by being more specific. Several theories about retrieval mechanisms of IAMs were presented, such as theories of Episodic Reminding, Cue-priming, Direct Retrieval and Conceptual Associations. Future research should focus on the following aspects: to test and verify the directive and self functions of IAMs, to systemize the research, to integrate the theories of IAMs into those of autobiographical memories, and to develop the cross-cultural research.

Key words: involuntary autobiographical memories, voluntary autobiographical memories, directive functions, Direct Retrieval Theory, conceptual associations