ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 131-139.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00131

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

自豪感的神经基础:比较的视角

沈蕾, 江黛苔, 陈宁(), 刘伟()   

  1. 上海师范大学教育学院, 上海 200234
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-11 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2020-11-23
  • 通讯作者: 陈宁,刘伟 E-mail:chenning@shnu.edu.cn;liuwei@shnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家社科基金后期资助项目(18FKS007);上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(2017BSH009)

The neural basis of pride: A comparative perspective

SHEN Lei, JIANG Daitai, CHEN Ning(), LIU Wei()   

  1. College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2020-03-11 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2020-11-23
  • Contact: CHEN Ning,LIU Wei E-mail:chenning@shnu.edu.cn;liuwei@shnu.edu.cn

摘要:

自豪感是对自身成就进行评估时产生的积极情绪体验。神经基础研究表明, 心理理论、自我参照、情绪、奖赏和记忆等相关脑区的协同作用构成了自豪感的神经基础, 而神经和生理的比较研究则揭示了自豪感和其他基本情绪以及道德情绪等在神经基础上的异同。以上结果为理解自豪感的复杂神经机制提供了依据。未来研究应对不同种类自豪感以及自豪感与认知过程相互作用的神经机制进行深入探讨。

关键词: 自豪感, 自我意识情绪, 道德情绪, 基本情绪, 神经基础

Abstract:

Pride is a positive emotional experience arising from evaluating one’s own achievements attributed to oneself based on the standard of self-internalization. As a typical self-conscious emotion, moral emotion, and social emotion, different types of pride have multiple psychological and social functions that have profound significance in promoting mental development and social interactions. In recent years, revealing the neural basis and its potential mechanism for this complex emotion has not only become a hot topic in pride research but also a frontier issue in affective neuroscience. In view of the complexity of pride, this paper analyzed the neural basis of different types of pride from a comparative perspective and places pride in the spectrum of self-consciousness emotions and moral emotions for a comparative analysis of its neurophysiological mechanisms.
Research has shown that the synergistic actions between regions of the brain that relate to the theory of mind, self-referencing, emotion, reward, and memory constitute the neural basis of pride. Different types of pride activated some overlapping neural regions, and the differences reflected specific psychological components. The neural comparison of pride and basic emotions revealed that the mechanism of pride was more complex. The activated brain regions not only contained sensory and perceptual processing, but also were involved in higher cognitive functions such as the theory of mind, self-reference, and self-reflection. A comparison of neurological and physiological studies found that the brain regions activated by pride and different moral emotions overlapped more than did basic emotions. Specifically, pride and gratitude, the two positive emotions, activated the important brain regions involved in the theory of mind and reward processing, and there was a great overlap among guilt, shame, embarrassment, self-esteem, and other emotions in the brain regions involved in the theory of mind and self-reference. The inconsistency of the results was manifested in the activation of the medial prefrontal cortex, a region related to the theory of mind and self-reflection. These results suggest to some extent that the development of complex cognitive functions is an important basis for the formation of pride. The generation of pride, different moral emotions, and self-conscious emotions is based on the cognition and attribution of the intention and behavior of oneself and others, and influence each other in the process of occurrence and development. These findings provide the basis for understanding the complex neural mechanisms of pride. 
Current studies on the neural mechanism of pride mostly focus on the individual level and use fMRI to compare the neural basis of pride and different emotions. The differences in the existing research conclusions need to be further explored. Therefore, future research should explore the neural mechanisms of different types and intensities of pride, and use ERP to investigate the interaction between pride and cognitive processes such as perception, evaluation, and decision making in order to reveal the neural mechanism of pride from a multi-dimensional perspective.


Key words: pride, self-conscious emotion, moral emotion, basic emotion, neural basis

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