ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 752-765.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2020.00752

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

人声加工的神经机制

伍可1,2, 陈杰1,2(), 李雯婕1,2, 陈洁佳1,2, 刘雷3, 刘翠红1,2   

  1. 1 湖南师范大学教育科学学院
    2 湖南师范大学认知与人类行为湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410081
    3 北京大学心理与认知科学学院, 北京 100080
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-11 出版日期:2020-04-26 发布日期:2020-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 陈杰 E-mail:xlxchen@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    * 湖南省哲学社会科学基金(15YBA263);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(18A036)

Neural mechanisms for voice processing

WU Ke1,2, CHEN Jie1,2(), LI Wenjie1,2, CHEN Jiejia1,2, LIU Lei3, LIU Cuihong1,2   

  1. 1 School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University
    2 Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
    3 School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
  • Received:2019-07-11 Online:2020-04-26 Published:2020-03-27
  • Contact: CHEN Jie E-mail:xlxchen@163.com

摘要:

人声是人类听觉环境中最熟知和重要的声音, 传递着大量社会相关信息。与视觉人脸加工类似, 大脑对人声也有着特异性加工。研究者使用电生理、脑成像等手段找到了对人声有特异性反应的脑区, 即颞叶人声加工区(TVA), 并发现非人类动物也有类似的特异性加工区域。人声加工主要涉及言语、情绪和身份信息的加工, 分别对应于三条既相互独立又相互作用的神经通路。研究者提出了双通路模型、多阶段模型和整合模型分别对人声的言语、情绪和身份加工进行解释。未来研究需要进一步讨论人声加工的特异性能否由特定声学特征的选择性加工来解释, 并深入探究特殊人群(如自闭症和精神分裂症患者)的人声加工的神经机制。

关键词: 人声加工, 特异性, 颞叶人声加工区, 言语加工, 情绪韵律, 人声身份识别

Abstract:

The human voice is the most familiar and important sound in the human auditory environment, conveying large amounts of socially relevant information. Similar to face processing, there is also a functional specialization in brain for voice processing. Neuroimaging and electrophysiology studies have demonstrated that the temporal voice areas (TVAs) showed specific response to human voices. In addition, researchers have also observed the homologues of TVAs in non-human brain. Human voices can convey speech, affective and identity information, which are extracted and further processed in three interacting but partially dissociated neural pathways. To explicate these three functional pathways, researchers have proposed three corresponding models including the dual-stream model of speech processing, multi-stage model of vocal emotional processing and integrative model of voice-identity processing. In the future, researchers should further investigate whether voice-selective activity can be explained by the selective processing of specific acoustic features of voice and focus on neural mechanisms of voice processing in special populations (e.g. schizophrenia and autism).

Key words: voice processing, specialization, the temporal voice areas (TVA), speech processing, emotional prosody, voice-identity recognition

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