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15 January 2011, Volume 19 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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主编特邀
研究简报
博士论坛
研究构想
研究前沿
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主编特邀

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Pan-cultural Need for Self-esteem: Evidence from China CAI Hua-Jian;FENG Yi;YUE Xi-Tong 2011, 19 (1):  1-8.  Abstract ( 1634 )   This article reviews the large body of accumulated studies on Chinese self-esteem in relation to the hot debate about universality of the need for positive self-regard. Six lines of studies on Chinese self-esteem showed that: 1) Chinese self-esteem has similar structure as it is in the West; 2) Chinese self-esteem manifest pronounced positive self-bias as it does in the West; 3) High self-esteem is beneficial in China as it is in the West; 4) Chinese maintain and enhance their self-esteem tactically in culture-specific ways; 5) Chinese manifest low cognitive self -evaluation but similar affective self-regard compared with people in the West; 6) Chinese low self-esteem could be accounted for by factors characterizing Chinese culture such as modesty, moderate response tendency and naïve dialectic self. These findings suggest that the need for high self-esteem is pan-cultural although culture may prescribe its expression and the ways to maintain and enhance it. Related Articles | Metrics

研究简报

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An Additional Gain Can Make You Feel Bad and An Additional Loss Can Make You Feel Good LI Shu;BI Yan-Ling;SU Yin;RAO Li-Lin 2011, 19 (1):  9-17.  Abstract ( 1617 )   Triggered by an observation that adding an additional small gain/loss can devalue an overall positive/negative evaluation, this research explores whether a monotonically increasing relationship between utility and value could be robust enough to survive a retrospective evaluation of monetary stimuli. Participants reviewed pairs of options that included one option that was a total of ￥10 (20 ´ 50￠ coins) and another that was a total of ￥10.3 (20 ´ 50￠ plus an additional 3 ´ 10￠), and then were asked to rate how pleasant if receiving an option’s equivalent reward and how unpleasant if receiving the same amount of fine. A significant majority of participants preferred the smaller/larger option and rated it more pleasant/less unpleasant. This implies that ‘a little is not better than nothing’, but rather that ‘nothing can be better than a little’. A resentment-like feeling as a cause of the observed violation of a monotonically increasing relationship between monetary value and utility is also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

博士论坛

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A Cognitive Neuroscience Study for Artifact Category Learning CHEN An-Tao 2011, 19 (1):  18-27.  Abstract ( 1324 )   Based on the hypothesis that artifact category learning consists of category induction, categorization and cognitive control, we designed a new experimental task of artifact category learning. And then using high density event-related potentials and dipole source analysis, we investigate the neural basis and mechanism. The results showed that the anterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobe are critical to complete artificial category learning tasks, and demonstrated that the different roles of these brain areas on temporal order. Accordingly, we constructed a cognitive neuroscience mechanism of artifact category learning from temporal and spatial dimensions. Related Articles | Metrics

研究构想

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The Intertemporal Choice Under Risk: A Research Proposal SUN Yan 2011, 19 (1):  28-34.  Abstract ( 1384 )   Intertemporal choice refers to a choice between alternatives that differ in size and time to delivery. In view of the fact that situations are uncertain in most real-world decisions, a general theoretical model of intertemporal choice must deal with situations involving risk. Beyond the weakness of the previous theoretical models, we will use both the lab method and paper-pencil test to investigate the impact of the probability level on intertemporal choices. Furthermore, the query technique will allow us to explore its process mechanism and test several explanation models (e.g., the equivalent replacement model). In order to assess the practical implication of the intertemporal choice under risk in the real world, we will also try to investigate the intertemporal choice as a function of some economic index (e.g., Consumer Price Index). Related Articles | Metrics

研究前沿

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The Influence of Language on Perception: Evidence from Categorical Perception of Color WEI Xiao-Yan;CHEN Bao-Guo 2011, 19 (1):  35-41.  Abstract ( 1521 )   The paper reviews the latest findings of language on categorical perception of color, including the lateralization of color categorical perception (CP), toddlers’ categorical perception of color. Further researches need to be done to clearly demonstrate the relationship between language and categorical perception of color, such as, the influence of language on lateralization of color CP, the relationship between the brain areas activated by color perception and language, the lateralization of color CP for people with the right hemisphere of the brain dominant for language, and the development of toddler’s color CP. Related Articles | Metrics

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Specificity of Category-Related Areas in Ventral Visual Cortex ZHANG Ye;LIU Qiang;ZHANG Qing-Lin 2011, 19 (1):  42-49.  Abstract ( 912 )   Recently, neuroimaging studies have shown that there might be certain modules in ventral visual cortex responsible for processing certain objects. However, whether those modules are category-specific is still not clear. The present review sums the relevant issues and provides possible directions for future research. It might involve: investigating whether subordinate regions are specific, testing the topologically distributed representation hypothesis, answering how category-specific areas communicate, and revealing the cognitive mechanism of these areas. Related Articles | Metrics

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The View of Embodied Emotion: A New Perspective on Emotion Study LIU Ya;WANG Zhen-Hong;KONG Feng 2011, 19 (1):  50-59.  Abstract ( 1882 )   The view of embodied emotion has considerable theoretical hypotheses and research evidence. From peripheral theory of emotion to facial feedback hypotheses and somatic marker hypothesis, then to the view of embodied emotion, they all agree that emotion is embodied. The view of embodied emotion argues that emotion is embodied in persons’ bodies, including persons’ brains. The body anatomy, body activities, and the perceptual and motor experience of the body determine how we process emotional information. A series of studies concerning behavioral and brain mechanisms of the view of embodied emotion all have supported that emotional information process is embodied. Currently, we can use the hypothesis of mirror neuron system (MNS), the theory of embodied simulation or perceptual symbol system (PSS) account to explain various phenomenons of the embodied emotion. As a new theoretical notion, the view of embodied emotion provides a new perspective on emotion study. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Symptom, Diagnosis and Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder CHEN Shun-Sen;BAI Xue-Jun;ZHANG Ri-Sheng 2011, 19 (1):  60-72.  Abstract ( 2815 )   Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are referred to as pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), characterized by pervasive deficits in socialization and communication, as well as unusual restricted, repetitive behaviors. Accurate diagnosis of ASD is critical to early intervention and helps to improve the rehabilitation for children and the wellbeing for their families. Increasing prevalence highlights the need to increase the focus on early identification, diagnosis, and evidence-based interventions. An emerging body of evidence supports the efficacy of the Chinese traditional medicine especially “JIN’s 3 needling” therapy. Based on work undertaken by Simpson et al. (2005), the efficacy of the intervention and treatment would be evaluated. The identification of core features and the specific for subtypes from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, such as using eye-tracking in conjunction with ERP or fMRI, constitute another critical area of future research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Self-verification and Interpersonal Congruence:A New Perspective on Value in Diversity HAN Li-Feng;WANG Zhong-Ming 2011, 19 (1):  73-84.  Abstract ( 1293 )   Organization has become more and more diverse in the context of globalization, effective management of diversity in teams is increasingly critical for business success. Previous literature based on self-categorization theory have contended that members of diverse teams should embrace the superordinate identity of the group. In this article we advance a new perspective which is grounded in self-verification theory, to propose that the verification of personal self-views and social self-views of members in diverse teams promotes interpersonal congruence, fosters feelings of connectedness, and enhances decision quality and team effectiveness. When team members are organized into three types of subgroups—cliques, coalitions, and cohorts, different dynamics concerning self-verification processes will emerge, causing pertinent team leader orientation to be adopted to ensure the confirmation of team members’ self-views. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Dark Side of Personality in the Workplace HUANG You-Li;LIU Xiao 2011, 19 (1):  85-93.  Abstract ( 1078 )   The dark side of personality in the workplace is generally defined in terms of the dysfunctional disposition which is related to performance, or it is considered to be a multidimensional construct. It is shown that there is close correlation among the dark side of personality, personality structure and managerial derailment element according to relevant researches. At present, most of the researches focus on the construct investigation and related impact on work output. Empirical studies reveal that the dark side of personality significantly affects leadership and work output. Further researches should focus on psychological mechanisms and localization of the dark side of personality. Related Articles | Metrics

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What Shapes User Experience? LIU Jing;SUN Xiang-Hong 2011, 19 (1):  94-106.  Abstract ( 1226 )   User experience is a multi-dimensional cognition function which users form during their interaction with products. Investigating what shapes user experience can help researches improve user experience effectively. The influence of single factors, namely usability, aesthetics and emotions, were proven, but none of them are the only decisive factor of user experience. Recent research focuses on synergistic theories and multiple factors models. By reviewing Pragmatic & Hedonic Value theory, User-Product-Organization theory and four user experience building models, decisive factors shaping user experience can be determined. Areas needing further investigation are identified: deeper investigation of corresponding factors in the models, how user experience on social agents forms and how user experience changes over time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effort-Reward Imbalance Model: A Review of Empirical Researches in Western Countries LUO Yu-Yue;SHU Xiao-Bing;SHI Qian 2011, 19 (1):  107-116.  Abstract ( 1083 )   Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model has explored the formation and function mechanism of work stress from effort, reward and overcommitment, which based on society exchange theory. We summarize and analyze related ERI model researches in the past 30 years in four aspects: theoretical bases of ERI model, the applicability of ERI model, the exploration of interrelated variables, and the development of ERI model. It is found that the current ERI model presents a satisfactory level of explanatory and applicability. However, it’s still necessary for the future study of related intermediate variables exploration and interaction hypothesis test and research methods optimization about the value of imbalance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Work Alienation ZHOU Hao;LONG Li-Rong 2011, 19 (1):  117-123.  Abstract ( 1490 )   Work alienation is the state of psychological separation from work insofar as work is perceived to lack the potentiality for satisfying one’s salient needs and expectations. This review firstly made an introduction to the concept and measurement of work alienation, and then, the influence factors of work alienation, such as demography, personality, formalization, centrality, leadership and social culture, was analyzed. The consequence of work alienation was discussed subsequently. Finally, the limitations of previous studies were analyzed and future research orientations were given. It was suggested that with the consideration of Chinese culture, especially the family culture, it would be meaningful to discuss the issue of Chinese employees’ organizational alienation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influential Factors of Basic Features of Mental Accounting ZHOU Jing;XU Fu-Ming;LIU Teng-Fei;ZHANG Jun-Wei;JIANG Duo 2011, 19 (1):  124-131.  Abstract ( 1535 )   Mental accounting describes the entire process of coding, categorizing, budgeting and evaluating. The basic features of mental accounting include hedonic editing, non-fungibility and topical account. These features are influenced by some factors, such as hedonic editing which is influenced by frame and individual differences, non-fungibility and mental budgeting which is influenced by “malleable” factors, topic account which is influenced by original value, semantic relatedness and evaluation methods. Research in the future needs to explore the generalization, underlying mechanism, and cultural differences of mental accounting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Situation Relevance and Its Moderating Effect Between Trait-Job Outcome Relationships Zhou Ran;DUAN Jin-Yun;TIAN Xiao-Ming 2011, 19 (1):  132-141.  Abstract ( 981 )   The principle of trait activation formalizes the trait–situation relationship by holding that the behavioral expression of a trait requires arousal of that trait by trait-relevant situational cues. Trait relevance and strength are distinct situational characteristics, and both are required for a full appreciation of situational factors involved in personality expression which have gradually gotten abroad attentions in the industrial and organizational psychology. This paper introduces the situational dimensions classification theory as well as the trait activation and evaluation model that are based upon the situational relevance. Traits will express as the work behaviour after the activation of some related cues in the situation. Consistent with the cues in the dimensions of different levels job behaviour may be evaluated as job performance. Several empirical researches have indicated that situational moderated variables may provide the trait aviation cues at three levels, and moderate the relationship between trait and work results, such as the job demand of task levels, the leadership behaviour of social levels, the leader-member exchange of the organizational levels and etc. The researcs on situation relevance play a important role in employee recruitmentc, performance mangement, production improvement and etc. Related Articles | Metrics

其他

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Reviewers of Advances in Psychological Science in 2010 2011, 19 (1):  142-142.  Abstract ( 863 )   Related Articles | Metrics