Coming in second: Influence mechanism of alternative choice on employee taking charge and time theft behaviors

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0683

Acta Psychologica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 683-697.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0683

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Coming in second: Influence mechanism of alternative choice on employee taking charge and time theft behaviors

ZHAN Xiaojun¹, WU Keying¹, WANG Tao², MA Jun³(), ZHU Yanghao⁴(), ZHOU Wenjun¹

¹School of Business Administration, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China
²School of Economic Management and Law, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330036, China
³School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
⁴School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-01-16
Contact: MA Jun, E-mail: majunswufe@126.com;ZHU Yanghao, E-mail: zhuyanghao1997@163.com

Abstract

ZHAN Xiaojun, WU Keying, WANG Tao, MA Jun, ZHU Yanghao, ZHOU Wenjun. (2026). Coming in second: Influence mechanism of alternative choice on employee taking charge and time theft behaviors. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 58(4), 683-697.

Variables	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. Gender	1.43	0.49	??
2. Age	2.67	1.03	0.06	??
3. Education	2.71	0.89	0.08	0.02	??
4. Tenure	2.39	0.95	?0.01	0.19^**	?0.02	??
5. Obsessive passion	2.09	0.67	0.01	?0.01	0.01	0.09	??
6. Alternative choice	3.87	0.99	?0.05	?0.09	0.04	0.03	0.16^**	??
7. Supervisor developmental feedback	2.60	0.70	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.04	?0.03	?0.08	??
8. Harmonious passion	3.22	0.85	?0.04	?0.05	0.06	?0.01	0.14^**	0.37^**	?0.16^**	??
9. Work procrastination tendency	2.22	0.72	0.01	0.06	0.02	0.10	?0.03	0.18^**	?0.13^*	0.04	??
10. Taking charge behavior	3.82	0.79	?0.06	0.09	0.01	0.05	?0.15^**	0.18^**	?0.06	0.24^**	0.15^**	??
11. Time theft behavior	2.39	0.88	0.08	0.00	?0.02	0.05	?0.08	?0.27^**	0.04	?0.47^**	0.25^**	0.01

Variables	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. Gender	1.43	0.49	??
2. Age	2.67	1.03	0.06	??
3. Education	2.71	0.89	0.08	0.02	??
4. Tenure	2.39	0.95	?0.01	0.19^**	?0.02	??
5. Obsessive passion	2.09	0.67	0.01	?0.01	0.01	0.09	??
6. Alternative choice	3.87	0.99	?0.05	?0.09	0.04	0.03	0.16^**	??
7. Supervisor developmental feedback	2.60	0.70	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.04	?0.03	?0.08	??
8. Harmonious passion	3.22	0.85	?0.04	?0.05	0.06	?0.01	0.14^**	0.37^**	?0.16^**	??
9. Work procrastination tendency	2.22	0.72	0.01	0.06	0.02	0.10	?0.03	0.18^**	?0.13^*	0.04	??
10. Taking charge behavior	3.82	0.79	?0.06	0.09	0.01	0.05	?0.15^**	0.18^**	?0.06	0.24^**	0.15^**	??
11. Time theft behavior	2.39	0.88	0.08	0.00	?0.02	0.05	?0.08	?0.27^**	0.04	?0.47^**	0.25^**	0.01

Coming in second: Influence mechanism of alternative choice on employee taking charge and time theft behaviors

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