Feasibility of online self-help mindfulness intervention integrating Chinese classical poetry and its impact on participants’ adherence

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2024.01110

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WANG Biao, WANG Zhenzhen, LIU Xinghua. (2024). Feasibility of online self-help mindfulness intervention integrating Chinese classical poetry and its impact on participants’ adherence. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 56(8), 1110-1124.

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URL: https://journal.psych.ac.cn/acps/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2024.01110

https://journal.psych.ac.cn/acps/EN/Y2024/V56/I8/1110

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Table 1 Outline of the mindfulness intervention integrating Chinese classical poetry: summary of modules, components, and topics covered

Time		Daily theme	Mindfulness practice	Chinese classical poetry: listening, Writing, & Reading		Browse materials	Homework
Time		Daily theme	Mindfulness practice	Poem title	Expression strategy	Browse materials	Homework
1st week	1	Course introduction and objectives	Breath awareness	《终南别业》	①	《Course introduction》	Set curriculum objectives
	2	Motivation and commitment	Breath awareness	《望岳》	①④	《Motivation and commitment》	Decision worksheets and difficulty plans
	3	Mindfulness awareness practice	Eat raisins mindfully	《锦瑟》	①	《What is Mindfulness》	Practice diary
	4	Body scan	Body scan	《山居秋暝》	①	《How to practice mindfulness on a daily basis》	Mindful brushing
	5	Awareness and acceptance	Body scan	《桃花庵歌》	①②	《Advocate single- mindedness》	Mindful face washing
	6	Operational essentials of mindfulness practice	Body scan	Choose one of this week’s five poems		《Mindfulness focuses on action》	Mindful dressing
	7	Understand emotions	Body scan	Choose one of this week’s five poems		《Function of emotion》	Mindful writing
2nd week	8	Awareness of breath	Breath awareness	《鸟鸣涧》	①	《The main points of breathing exercises》	Experience mindfulness in your life
2nd week	9	Reunderstand emotions	Body scan	《颂平常心是道》	②	《Understand the three components of emotional experience》	Wired nine-point diagram

Table 1 Outline of the mindfulness intervention integrating Chinese classical poetry: summary of modules, components, and topics covered

Time		Daily theme	Mindfulness practice	Chinese classical poetry: listening, Writing, & Reading		Browse materials	Homework
Time		Daily theme	Mindfulness practice	Poem title	Expression strategy	Browse materials	Homework
1st week	1	Course introduction and objectives	Breath awareness	《终南别业》	①	《Course introduction》	Set curriculum objectives
	2	Motivation and commitment	Breath awareness	《望岳》	①④	《Motivation and commitment》	Decision worksheets and difficulty plans
	3	Mindfulness awareness practice	Eat raisins mindfully	《锦瑟》	①	《What is Mindfulness》	Practice diary
	4	Body scan	Body scan	《山居秋暝》	①	《How to practice mindfulness on a daily basis》	Mindful brushing
	5	Awareness and acceptance	Body scan	《桃花庵歌》	①②	《Advocate single- mindedness》	Mindful face washing
	6	Operational essentials of mindfulness practice	Body scan	Choose one of this week’s five poems		《Mindfulness focuses on action》	Mindful dressing
	7	Understand emotions	Body scan	Choose one of this week’s five poems		《Function of emotion》	Mindful writing
2nd week	8	Awareness of breath	Breath awareness	《鸟鸣涧》	①	《The main points of breathing exercises》	Experience mindfulness in your life
2nd week	9	Reunderstand emotions	Body scan	《颂平常心是道》	②	《Understand the three components of emotional experience》	Wired nine-point diagram

Table 2 The proportion of people measured in the following four items

ID	Item content	Degree of satisfaction/willingness
ID	Item content	Very	Relatively	Neutral	No
1	Would you like to continue the course?	81.25%	14.58%	4.17%	0%
2	Would you recommend it to your friends?	87.5%	10.42%	2.08%	0%
3	Are you satisfied with the content of the course?	81.25%	18.75%	0%	0%
4	Are you satisfied with the format of the course?	81.25%	18.75%	0%	0%

Table 2 The proportion of people measured in the following four items

ID	Item content	Degree of satisfaction/willingness
ID	Item content	Very	Relatively	Neutral	No
1	Would you like to continue the course?	81.25%	14.58%	4.17%	0%
2	Would you recommend it to your friends?	87.5%	10.42%	2.08%	0%
3	Are you satisfied with the content of the course?	81.25%	18.75%	0%	0%
4	Are you satisfied with the format of the course?	81.25%	18.75%	0%	0%

Figure 1. The proportion of answers to the question “Which part of the course has been of great help to you.”

Figure 1. The proportion of answers to the question “Which part of the course has been of great help to you.”

Figure 2. Pre- and post-intervention comparisons: means, and 95% confidence intervals for means.

Figure 2. Pre- and post-intervention comparisons: means, and 95% confidence intervals for means.

Table 3 Pre- and post-intervention comparisons: mean differences, p value and effect size

Variable	Mean differences	SD	95% confidence interval		t	p	Cohen’s d	95% confidence interval
Variable	Mean differences	SD	Lower	Upper	t	p	Cohen’s d	Lower	Upper
FFMQ	20.48	17.48	15.40	25.56	8.12	<.001	1.33	0.94	1.72
CPSS	5.15	7.15	3.07	7.22	4.99	<.001	0.72	0.40	1.04
GWB	6.17	9.40	3.44	8.90	4.54	<.001	0.66	0.34	0.97

Table 3 Pre- and post-intervention comparisons: mean differences, p value and effect size

Variable	Mean differences	SD	95% confidence interval		t	p	Cohen’s d	95% confidence interval
Variable	Mean differences	SD	Lower	Upper	t	p	Cohen’s d	Lower	Upper
FFMQ	20.48	17.48	15.40	25.56	8.12	<.001	1.33	0.94	1.72
CPSS	5.15	7.15	3.07	7.22	4.99	<.001	0.72	0.40	1.04
GWB	6.17	9.40	3.44	8.90	4.54	<.001	0.66	0.34	0.97

Table 4 Descriptive statistics of baseline population information

Variable	Intervention group (n = 118)	Control group (n = 127)	t	χ²	p
Variable	M (SD)	M (SD)	t	χ²	p
Age	33.19(8.77)	32.80(6.97)	0.38		0.70
Gender				1.27	0.26
Male	26	36
Female	92	91
Education				0.52	0.47
Bachelor degree or above	113	119
Others	5	8
FFMQ	114.27(17.18)	115.40(18.89)	−0.49		0.62
CPSS	29.44(9.09)	30.72(9.19)	−1.10		0.28
GWB	71.59(13.68)	68.78(13.29)	1.63		0.10

Table 4 Descriptive statistics of baseline population information

Variable	Intervention group (n = 118)	Control group (n = 127)	t	χ²	p
Variable	M (SD)	M (SD)	t	χ²	p
Age	33.19(8.77)	32.80(6.97)	0.38		0.70
Gender				1.27	0.26
Male	26	36
Female	92	91
Education				0.52	0.47
Bachelor degree or above	113	119
Others	5	8
FFMQ	114.27(17.18)	115.40(18.89)	−0.49		0.62
CPSS	29.44(9.09)	30.72(9.19)	−1.10		0.28
GWB	71.59(13.68)	68.78(13.29)	1.63		0.10

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