Can leader gratitude expression improve employee followership behavior? The role of emotional expression authenticity

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.01160

Abstract

Abstract:

As a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, gratitude has received much attention from scholars in recent years. This paper constructs a moderated mediation model by combining the social function theory of emotion and dual-strategies theory of social rank to explore the effect of leader gratitude expression on employee followership behavior. Using a scenario experiment and a multi-wave, leader-employee dyad survey, the findings confirm the proposed theoretical hypothesis that leader gratitude expression promote positive followership behavior by increasing perceived leader prestige and inhibit negative followership behavior by decreasing perceived leader dominance. The above relationship is especially strong when leader’s emotional expression authenticity is high. The findings of the study help to enlighten leaders to express appreciation to their employees more often and more sincerely.

Key words: leader gratitude expression, prestige, dominance, followership behavior, emotional expression authenticity

ZHU Yanghao, LONG Lirong, LIU Wenxing. (2023). Can leader gratitude expression improve employee followership behavior? The role of emotional expression authenticity. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 55(7), 1160-1175.

Figures/Tables 8

References 81

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Path	Indirect effect	Standard error	95% confidence interval
a. LGE → PP → PFB	0.12	0.05	[0.049, 0.234]
b. LGE → PP → NFB	?0.08	0.05	[?0.212, 0.007]
c. LGE → PD → PFB	0.04	0.03	[?0.015, 0.107]
d. LGE → PD → NFB	?0.16	0.06	[?0.320, ?0.069]
Differences (a ? b)	0.20	0.09	[0.068, 0.418]
Differences (c ? d)	0.19	0.07	[0.087, 0.375]
Differences (a ? c)	0.08	0.05	[?0.007, 0.210]
Differences (b ? d)	0.08	0.09	[?0.057, 0.303]

Path	Indirect effect	Standard error	95% confidence interval
a. LGE → PP → PFB	0.12	0.05	[0.049, 0.234]
b. LGE → PP → NFB	?0.08	0.05	[?0.212, 0.007]
c. LGE → PD → PFB	0.04	0.03	[?0.015, 0.107]
d. LGE → PD → NFB	?0.16	0.06	[?0.320, ?0.069]
Differences (a ? b)	0.20	0.09	[0.068, 0.418]
Differences (c ? d)	0.19	0.07	[0.087, 0.375]
Differences (a ? c)	0.08	0.05	[?0.007, 0.210]
Differences (b ? d)	0.08	0.09	[?0.057, 0.303]

Factors	χ2	df	χ2/df	?χ2/?df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
Seven-factor model (LGE; PA; PP; PD; PFB; NFB; SSG)	296.93	188	1.58	/	0.97	0.96	0.06	0.05
Six-factor model (LGE; PA; PP; PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	675.97	194	3.48	379.04^***(6)	0.86	0.83	0.11	0.09
Five-factor model (LGE; PA; PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	825.89	199	4.15	528.96^***(11)	0.81	0.78	0.13	0.10
Four-factor model (LGE+PA; PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	1187.42	203	5.85	890.49^***(15)	0.71	0.67	0.16	0.14
Three-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	1634.09	206	7.93	1337.16^***(18)	0.57	0.52	0.19	0.18
Two-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD+PFB+NFB; SSG)	2121.23	208	10.20	1824.30^***(20)	0.43	0.37	0.22	0.19
Single-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD+PFB+NFB+SSG)	2792.59	209	13.36	2495.66^***(21)	0.23	0.15	0.25	0.21

Factors	χ2	df	χ2/df	?χ2/?df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
Seven-factor model (LGE; PA; PP; PD; PFB; NFB; SSG)	296.93	188	1.58	/	0.97	0.96	0.06	0.05
Six-factor model (LGE; PA; PP; PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	675.97	194	3.48	379.04^***(6)	0.86	0.83	0.11	0.09
Five-factor model (LGE; PA; PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	825.89	199	4.15	528.96^***(11)	0.81	0.78	0.13	0.10
Four-factor model (LGE+PA; PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	1187.42	203	5.85	890.49^***(15)	0.71	0.67	0.16	0.14
Three-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD; PFB+NFB; SSG)	1634.09	206	7.93	1337.16^***(18)	0.57	0.52	0.19	0.18
Two-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD+PFB+NFB; SSG)	2121.23	208	10.20	1824.30^***(20)	0.43	0.37	0.22	0.19
Single-factor model (LGE+PA+PP+PD+PFB+NFB+SSG)	2792.59	209	13.36	2495.66^***(21)	0.23	0.15	0.25	0.21

Variables	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. Gender	1.55	0.50
2. Age	32.73	6.58	?0.03
3. Education	3.29	0.83	?0.01	?0.40^**
4. Tenure	6.51	6.23	?0.04	0.79^**	?0.38^**
5. SSG	5.48	1.19	0.06	0.03	0.09	?0.01
6. LGE	4.24	1.59	?0.03	0.01	0.00	0.07	0.16^*
7. PA	4.35	1.64	?0.07	0.00	?0.10	?0.04	?0.03	0.21^**
8. PP	5.75	1.02	0.17^*	?0.01	0.04	?0.01	0.12	0.21^**	0.05
9. PD	2.90	0.90	?0.04	0.15^*	?0.09	0.14	?0.04	?0.19^**	?0.13	?0.48^**
10. PFB	4.94	0.94	0.21^**	0.05	?0.03	0.06	0.24^**	0.26^**	0.08	0.28^**	?0.13
11. NFB	3.02	0.88	?0.09	0.02	?0.08	?0.04	?0.08	?0.17^*	?0.18^*	?0.15^*	0.29^**	?0.35^**