Animal and Human Altruistic Nature: The Evolution of Empathy

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.01229

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Abstract Empathy occurs when an observer perceives or imagines someone else’s affect and this triggers a response such that the observer partially feels what the target is feeling. Altruism refers to the motivation of which ultimate goal is to increase other individuals’ welfare. Empathy originates from animals’ parental rearing behavior and its neural basis is derived from old emotional system. Empathy has evolved from animals’ simple emotional contagion to sympathetic concern and empathic perspective-taking. In addition, empathy has a good adaptability to the environment. Future research can focus on the similarity and difference between human beings’ and animals’ empathy and altruistic behaviors, animals’ advanced empathy ability and altruistic behaviors, and the regulation mechanism of social factors on empathy.

Keywords empathy evolution altruism emotional contagion sympathetic concern empathic perspective-taking

Corresponding Authors: LIU Yanling

Issue Date: 15 July 2013

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	PAN Yangu
	LIU Yanling
	RAN Guangming
	LEI Hao
	MA Jianling
	TENG Zhaojun

Cite this article:

PAN Yangu,LIU Yanling,RAN Guangming, et al. Animal and Human Altruistic Nature: The Evolution of Empathy[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 2013, 21(7): 1229-1238.

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http://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlkxjz/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.01229 OR http://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlkxjz/EN/Y2013/V21/I7/1229

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