博弈论视角下的超扫描多人互动任务新模型

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.01284

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超扫描指同时记录多个被试脑活动, 以探索其社会互动脑机制的研究手段。从博弈论视角, 可区分超扫描任务中的冲突、合作与协作三类任务, 分离已有研究中未严格界定的“协作”与“合作”概念, 为超扫描研究的多人互动范式建立新模型。任务所包含协作因素的多少, 与任务是否涉及心理理论功能是影响个体脑间活动同步现象的重要条件。未来研究可结合进化博弈论等理论模型, 进一步探索合作与协作行为的差异及规范形成的心理与神经机制。

关键词: 合作, 协作, 博弈论, 多人互动, 超扫描

Abstract:

Hyperscanning refers to measure neural activities simultaneously from two or more agents interacting in the same task, and explain the neural mechanism of interpersonal exchange. From the perspective of game theory, three types of tasks in hyperscanning researches are clarified: conflict, cooperation and coordination task, which contributes to distinguishing "coordination" and "cooperation", two concepts which are not well-defined in existing hyperscanning studies, and establishes a new model to depict the multi-subject paradigms in this area. Future studies might further explore the psychological and cerebral mechanism underlying the differences between cooperation and coordination behavior and the formation of norms, in combination with the usage of evolutionary game theory model.

Key words: cooperation, coordination, game theory, multi-subject interaction, hyperscanning

中图分类号:

B849: C91

卑力添, 蒋柯, 李先春, 熊哲宏. (2019). 博弈论视角下的超扫描多人互动任务新模型. 心理科学进展 , 27(7), 1284-1296.

BEI Litian, JIANG Ke, LI Xianchun, XIONG Zhehong. (2019). From the view of game theory: A new model for hyperscanning multi-subject interaction paradigm. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(7), 1284-1296.

图/表 4

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互动方式/任务类型	协作任务	合作任务	冲突任务
同时型互动任务	联合按键手势与节奏同步合奏、合唱言语交流手势猜词表情与眼神交流	/	竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的联合按键)
回合型互动任务	棋盘游戏积木游戏视觉搜索任务盲人驾驶任务电子桌球游戏	囚徒博弈斗鸡博弈信任博弈独裁者博弈最后通牒博弈	竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的棋盘游戏、积木游戏、视觉搜索、桌球游戏等) 猜物游戏沙牌游戏
高生态效度下的实时互动任务	模拟飞行医护-患者互动课堂教学无领导小组讨论	/	/

互动方式/任务类型	协作任务	合作任务	冲突任务
同时型互动任务	联合按键手势与节奏同步合奏、合唱言语交流手势猜词表情与眼神交流	/	竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的联合按键)
回合型互动任务	棋盘游戏积木游戏视觉搜索任务盲人驾驶任务电子桌球游戏	囚徒博弈斗鸡博弈信任博弈独裁者博弈最后通牒博弈	竞争条件下的协作任务 (竞争条件下的棋盘游戏、积木游戏、视觉搜索、桌球游戏等) 猜物游戏沙牌游戏
高生态效度下的实时互动任务	模拟飞行医护-患者互动课堂教学无领导小组讨论	/	/