心理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 1131-1141.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.01131
收稿日期:
2017-05-13
发布日期:
2018-08-23
出版日期:
2018-10-15
基金资助:
Received:
2017-05-13
Online:
2018-08-23
Published:
2018-10-15
摘要:
以往研究表明, 认知对情绪感染具有调节作用, 那么被试的先前情绪对情绪感染是否同样具有调节作用?研究分为攻击性消极前情绪和消沉性消极前情绪对快乐情绪感染的反向调节和降阈调节, 两个实验均采用被试内设计, 使用BioNeuro八通道生物反馈仪记录被试在模拟教学情境下观看视频时的生理指标。在反向调节实验中, 通过组织被试观看南京大屠杀视频来唤醒仇恨情绪, 之后播放两段东方人的生活搞笑视频, 通过不同的指导语, 考察仇恨情绪对快乐情绪感染的反向调节效应; 在降阈调节实验中, 通过屡次失败唤起被试的烦躁情绪, 再比较烦躁情绪唤醒前后被试观看两段搞笑视频时的情绪感染的差异性。实验结果表明:(1)在反向调节实验中, 被试观看“日本”搞笑视频时与观看《南京大屠杀》视频时生理指标的变化趋势相同, 且程度更甚; (2)在降阈调节实验中, 被试在体验烦躁情绪后观看搞笑视频时的生理唤醒程度要强于体验前。实验结果表明, 被试的仇恨前情绪反向调节了“日本人”的快乐情绪感染; 被试的烦躁前情绪让被试对他人的快乐情绪产生易感性。
中图分类号:
张奇勇, 闫志英. (2018). 消极前情绪对积极情绪感染的调节:反向与降阈——以教学情境为例. 心理学报, 50(10), 1131-1141.
ZHANG Qiyong, YAN Zhiying. (2018). The regulation effect of the antecedent negative emotion on emotional contagion: Counter and threshold-descent. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 50(10), 1131-1141.
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 4.48* | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.65 |
SMR | 17.96** | 0.00 | 0.29 | 1.00 |
β波 | 58.97** | 0.00 | 0.57 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 36.93** | 0.00 | 0.45 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 11.01** | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.94 |
SC | 27.09** | 0.00 | 0.38 | 1.00 |
脸颊EMG | 13.02** | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.97 |
表1 7个生理指标的一元方差分析结果
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 4.48* | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.65 |
SMR | 17.96** | 0.00 | 0.29 | 1.00 |
β波 | 58.97** | 0.00 | 0.57 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 36.93** | 0.00 | 0.45 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 11.01** | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.94 |
SC | 27.09** | 0.00 | 0.38 | 1.00 |
脸颊EMG | 13.02** | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.97 |
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 1.02 | 0.05 | -0.12 | 0.79 |
SMR | 1.32** | 0.00 | 1.51** | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.56 |
β波 | 3.51** | 0.00 | 2.67** | 0.00 | -0.85* | 0.04 |
BVP幅度 | -1.82** | 0.00 | -3.37** | 0.00 | -1.55** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | 1.08** | 0.00 | 3.10** | 0.00 | 2.01* | 0.02 |
SC | 0.88** | 0.00 | 1.83** | 0.00 | 0.95** | 0.00 |
脸颊EMG | 1.19** | 0.00 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -0.11 | 0.72 |
表2 7个生理指标在三种实验条件下多重比较的结果
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 1.02 | 0.05 | -0.12 | 0.79 |
SMR | 1.32** | 0.00 | 1.51** | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.56 |
β波 | 3.51** | 0.00 | 2.67** | 0.00 | -0.85* | 0.04 |
BVP幅度 | -1.82** | 0.00 | -3.37** | 0.00 | -1.55** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | 1.08** | 0.00 | 3.10** | 0.00 | 2.01* | 0.02 |
SC | 0.88** | 0.00 | 1.83** | 0.00 | 0.95** | 0.00 |
脸颊EMG | 1.19** | 0.00 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -0.11 | 0.72 |
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 8.36** | 0.00 | 0.16 | 0.93 |
SMR | 14.93** | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.99 |
β波 | 43.52** | 0.00 | 0.49 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 91.29** | 0.00 | 0.67 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 22.55** | 0.00 | 0.33 | 1.00 |
SC | 4.74* | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.71 |
脸颊EMG | 43.36** | 0.00 | 0.49 | 1.00 |
表3 7个生理指标的一元方差分析结果
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 8.36** | 0.00 | 0.16 | 0.93 |
SMR | 14.93** | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.99 |
β波 | 43.52** | 0.00 | 0.49 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 91.29** | 0.00 | 0.67 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 22.55** | 0.00 | 0.33 | 1.00 |
SC | 4.74* | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.71 |
脸颊EMG | 43.36** | 0.00 | 0.49 | 1.00 |
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 1.01** | 0.00 | -0.12 | 0.74 |
SMR | 1.32** | 0.00 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -0.24 | 0.46 |
β波 | 3.51** | 0.00 | 2.11** | 0.00 | -1.41** | 0.01 |
BVP幅度 | -1.82** | 0.00 | 2.38** | 0.00 | 4.20** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -1.30** | 0.00 | -2.38** | 0.00 |
SC | 0.88** | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.24 | -0.55 | 0.13 |
脸颊EMG | 1.19** | 0.00 | 2.28* | 0.04 | 1.09** | 0.00 |
表4 7个生理指标在三种实验条件下多重比较的结果
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 1.01** | 0.00 | -0.12 | 0.74 |
SMR | 1.32** | 0.00 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -0.24 | 0.46 |
β波 | 3.51** | 0.00 | 2.11** | 0.00 | -1.41** | 0.01 |
BVP幅度 | -1.82** | 0.00 | 2.38** | 0.00 | 4.20** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | 1.08** | 0.00 | -1.30** | 0.00 | -2.38** | 0.00 |
SC | 0.88** | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.24 | -0.55 | 0.13 |
脸颊EMG | 1.19** | 0.00 | 2.28* | 0.04 | 1.09** | 0.00 |
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 9.75** | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.95 |
SMR | 6.59** | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.82 |
β波 | 17.32** | 0.00 | 0.26 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 88.74** | 0.00 | 0.64 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 26.37** | 0.00 | 0.35 | 1.00 |
SC | 95.25** | 0.00 | 0.66 | 1.00 |
脸颊EMG | 24.70** | 0.00 | 0.34 | 1.00 |
表5 7个生理指标的一元方差分析结果
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 9.75** | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.95 |
SMR | 6.59** | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.82 |
β波 | 17.32** | 0.00 | 0.26 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 88.74** | 0.00 | 0.64 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 26.37** | 0.00 | 0.35 | 1.00 |
SC | 95.25** | 0.00 | 0.66 | 1.00 |
脸颊EMG | 24.70** | 0.00 | 0.34 | 1.00 |
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.86 | -0.42** | 0.01 |
SMR | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.17 | -0.32* | 0.04 |
β波 | 0.80** | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.79 | -0.77** | 0.04 |
BVP幅度 | 1.14** | 0.00 | -1.13** | 0.00 | -2.27** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | -0.99** | 0.00 | 0.77** | 0.01 | 1.76** | 0.00 |
SC | -0.04 | 0.42 | 0.97** | 0.00 | 1.02** | 0.00 |
脸颊EMG | 1.07** | 0.00 | 0.15 | 0.09 | -0.92** | 0.00 |
表6 7个生理指标在三种实验条件下多重比较的结果
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅰ | Ⅲ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.86 | -0.42** | 0.01 |
SMR | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.17 | -0.32* | 0.04 |
β波 | 0.80** | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.79 | -0.77** | 0.04 |
BVP幅度 | 1.14** | 0.00 | -1.13** | 0.00 | -2.27** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | -0.99** | 0.00 | 0.77** | 0.01 | 1.76** | 0.00 |
SC | -0.04 | 0.42 | 0.97** | 0.00 | 1.02** | 0.00 |
脸颊EMG | 1.07** | 0.00 | 0.15 | 0.09 | -0.92** | 0.00 |
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 42.65** | 0.00 | 0.47 | 1.00 |
SMR | 9.74** | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.97 |
β波 | 25.77** | 0.00 | 0.35 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 103.82** | 0.00 | 0.68 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 43.18** | 0.00 | 0.47 | 1.00 |
SC | 1.71 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.34 |
脸颊EMG | 32.51** | 0.00 | 0.40 | 1.00 |
表7 7个生理指标的一元方差分析结果
生理指标 | F | p | Partial η2 | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|
α波 | 42.65** | 0.00 | 0.47 | 1.00 |
SMR | 9.74** | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.97 |
β波 | 25.77** | 0.00 | 0.35 | 1.00 |
BVP幅度 | 103.82** | 0.00 | 0.68 | 1.00 |
BVP频率 | 43.18** | 0.00 | 0.47 | 1.00 |
SC | 1.71 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.34 |
脸颊EMG | 32.51** | 0.00 | 0.40 | 1.00 |
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 0.43** | 0.00 | 1.33** | 0.00 | 0.90** | 0.00 |
SMR | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.65** | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.19 |
β波 | 0.80** | 0.00 | 1.18** | 0.00 | 0.38* | 0.03 |
BVP幅度 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 2.75** | 0.00 | 1.61** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | -0.99** | 0.00 | -1.76** | 0.00 | -0.77** | 0.00 |
SC | -0.04 | 0.42 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
脸颊EMG | 1.07** | 0.00 | 1.53** | 0.00 | 0.46* | 0.03 |
表8 7个生理指标在三种实验条件下多重比较的结果
生理指标 | Ⅱ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅰ | Ⅳ-Ⅱ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MD | p | MD | p | MD | p | |
α波 | 0.43** | 0.00 | 1.33** | 0.00 | 0.90** | 0.00 |
SMR | 0.43** | 0.00 | 0.65** | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.19 |
β波 | 0.80** | 0.00 | 1.18** | 0.00 | 0.38* | 0.03 |
BVP幅度 | 1.14** | 0.00 | 2.75** | 0.00 | 1.61** | 0.00 |
BVP频率 | -0.99** | 0.00 | -1.76** | 0.00 | -0.77** | 0.00 |
SC | -0.04 | 0.42 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
脸颊EMG | 1.07** | 0.00 | 1.53** | 0.00 | 0.46* | 0.03 |
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