ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 936-943.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

冲动性对吗啡诱导的条件性位置偏爱及行为敏感化的影响

张柳;李新旺;张文婷;杜瑞   

  1. (1首都师范大学心理学系, 北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室, 北京 100048) (2北京市丰台第二中学, 北京 100161)
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-18 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2012-07-28 出版日期:2012-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 李新旺

The Effect of the Impulsivity on the Conditioned Placed Preference and Behavioral Sensitization Induced by Morphine in Rats

ZHANG Liu;LI Xin-Wang;ZHANG Wen-Ting;DU Rui   

  1. (1Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China)
    (2Beijing Fengtai NO.2 High School, Beijing 100161, China)
  • Received:2011-10-18 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2012-07-28 Published:2012-07-28
  • Contact: LI Xin-Wang

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摘要： 许多研究显示, 冲动性与尼古丁、可卡因、海洛因等药物成瘾显著相关, 但它对吗啡成瘾的影响尚未见到报道。本实验考察冲动性对吗啡诱导的条件性位置偏爱及行为敏感化的影响。实验采用延迟奖赏模型将大鼠的冲动性区分为高、中、低三个水平, 每个水平设置吗啡处理组和盐水处理组。结果发现：动物对吗啡诱导的条件性位置偏爱的程度表现为低冲动组>中冲动组>高冲动组, 并且中、低冲动组动物形成了条件性位置偏爱而高冲动组没有形成这种偏爱; 在行为敏感化表达期, 与相应的盐水组比较, 高、中冲动组动物的吗啡运动激活效应显著, 而低冲动组没有达到显著水平。这些结果提示, 条件性位置偏爱任务中, 动物的冲动性越高, 吗啡的强化效应越低; 行为敏感化任务中, 动物的冲动性越高, 吗啡的运动激活效应越高。由此可见, 动物的冲动性对吗啡诱导的条件性位置偏爱及行为敏感化的影响存在差异。

关键词: 大鼠, 冲动性, 条件性位置偏爱, 行为敏感化

Abstract: Conditioned placed preference (CPP), which reflects the rewarding and the strengthening effects of addictive drug, is a classical experimental model to evaluate drug addiction. Behavioral sensitization is defined as an increased (behavioral) response to a given dose of drug or a response of a similar magnitude upon treatment with a lower dose of drug after repeated treatment. It reflects the behavioral activation effect of addictive drug. Many studies have demonstrated the high relevance between abuse-like effects of some drugs (such as nicotine, cocaine and heroin) and impulsivity. However, little is known of the relationship between impulsivity and CPP induced by morphine. Therefore, this experiment attempted to investigate the effects of impulsivity on CPP and behavioral sensitization induced by morphine, using delayed reward model (T maze) and CPP model.
Adult male Wistar rats were stratified into three groups (high impulsivity, HI; middle impulsivity, MI; low impulsivity, LI) according to their choices in a delayed reward model, and then received morphine administration in morphine-paired chamber or saline administration in morphine-unpaired chamber. The following behavior of rats was recorded: the time of stay in morphine–paired chamber before and after morphine administration, the effect of morphine on the development of behavioral sensitization (the locomotor activity of 45 minutes in morphine–paired chamber) and the locomotor activities in the expression period (the locomotor activity of 120 minutes after conversion of behavioral sensitization).
The result of experiment suggested that the magnitude of the place preference of the three groups of rats was: LI > MI > HI. LI and MI animals developed CPP while HI group did not develop CPP. These results demonstrated that in CPP, the higher the innate impulse in rats, the less the rewarding and the strengthening effects of morphine (HI﹥MI﹥LI).
In the test of behavioral sensitization, morphine induced significant behavioral sensitization in HI and MI rats but not in LI rats.
The present data suggested that the impulsivity level in rats is a negative correlation with the CPP and a positive correlation with the behavioral sensitization, which induced by morphine. It also indicated that the effects of the innate differences of impulsivity on CPP and behavioral sensitization are inconsistent.

Key words: rats, impulsivity, conditioned placed preference, behavioral sensitization