任务需求对基于位置的返回抑制和基于颜色的重复劣势效应的影响

心理学报 ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (05): 20-27.

任务需求对基于位置的返回抑制和基于颜色的重复劣势效应的影响

张明;陈骐

东北师范大学心理学系,东北师范大学心理学系长春130024 ,长春130024

出版日期:2002-10-25 发布日期:2002-10-25
通讯作者: 张明

THE EFFECT OF TASK DEMANDS ON SPATIAL-BASED IOR AND COLOR-BASED REPETITION DISADVANTAGE EFFECT

Zhang Ming, Chen Qi (Department of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024)

Published:2002-10-25 Online:2002-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在 3个实验中探讨了任务需求对基于位置的返回抑制和基于颜色的重复劣势效应的影响。实验 1选取2 3名本科生被试 ,在把所有刺激都呈现在中央视觉上的颜色辨别任务中 ,发现颜色重复条件下的反应时明显长于非重复条件下的反应时 ,出现了显著的基于颜色的重复劣势效应 ,而且它的量显著大于简单检测任务中基于颜色的重复劣势效应量。实验 2和 3在实验 1的基础上加入空间不确定性 ,分别选取 2 2名和 2 3名本科生被试 ,并要求他们分别完成颜色辨别任务和简单检测任务。结果发现 ,在颜色辨别任务中 ,既获得了基于空间的返回抑制 ,又获得了基于颜色的重复劣势效应 ,而且二者之间没有交互作用 ,即它们各自独立地发挥作用 ;而在简单检测任务中 ,只获得了基于空间的返回抑制。 3个实验的结果表明 ,在一种实验情境下出现基于何种刺激特性的重复劣势效应 ,以及其量的大小完全取决于实验中的任务需求。在文章最后还将本研究结果与一种选择性注意领域内普遍抑制模型相结合 ,进行了深入讨论

关键词: 基于空间的返回抑制, 重复劣势效应, 任务需求

Abstract: The effects of task demands on spatial based IOR and color based repetition disadvantage effect were explored in 3 experiments. Twenty three undergraduate students participated in experiment 1 and the results showed significant color based repetition disadvantage effect whose measure is more than that in the simple detection task, when all the stimulus were presented on the same central location and the experiment task is color discrimination. Adding spatial uncertainty to the paradigm of experiment 1, experiment 2 and 3 separately asked 22 and 23 adult subjects to perform either discrimination or simple detection tasks. The results showed that there were both spatial based IOR and color based repetition disadvantage effect in the color discrimination tasks, however, there was no interaction between them, i.e., they acted independently. While there was only spatial based IOR in the simple detection tasks. Those results implied that which kind of repetition disadvantage effect will appear under some experimental situations and the measure of it are determined by the task requirements in experiments. Finally the authors discussed the present results with an inhibition model in the field of selective attention.

Key words: spatial based IOR, repetition disadvantage, task demands

张明,陈骐. (2002). 任务需求对基于位置的返回抑制和基于颜色的重复劣势效应的影响. 心理学报, 34(05), 20-27.

Zhang Ming, Chen Qi (Department of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024). (2002). THE EFFECT OF TASK DEMANDS ON SPATIAL-BASED IOR AND COLOR-BASED REPETITION DISADVANTAGE EFFECT. , 34(05), 20-27.