布洛卡氏和传导性失语症患者的词汇障碍

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据24位失语症患者（其中布洛卡氏和传导性失语症患者各12位）在接受失语症检查时的现场录音材料,并通过与正常人语言的比较,分析了布洛卡氏和传导性失语症患者的词汇障碍。研究结果表明, 两类患者在词汇障碍方面的差异不大,主要有以下几个方面：不同的刺激形式对患者命名的准确性具有较大的影响,患者对图片或实物的命名能力明显地好于对语言描述的命名能力;当患者遇到命名困难时, 语音提示有助于他们提取所需的词;词的长度,既一个词所含词素的多少对命名成败的影响不大;两种失语症患者都有可能受到近期效应的影响,对刚刚听到或使用过的词汇,患者提取的速度更快;命名错误的绝大部分属于语义错误,失语症患者倾向于使用上义词代替下义词,但是很少使用反义词;某些词汇的词首或词尾部分对于失语症患者来说更容易提取;当患者出现命名困难时,他们可能会利用构词法自造一些词;患者在使用虚词方面的困难要超过实词,而在实词之内,形容词和副词更容易受到失语症的影响;过度激活可能是造成命名中混合与增加错误的原因。

关键词: 词汇障碍, Broca氏失语症, 传导性失语症

Abstract: An effort is made to study the morphological disorders of Chinese Broca's and conduction aphasics through the analysis of the speech of 24 Broca's and conduction aphasics. The results showed that both Broca's and conduction aphasics have disorders in producing the morphological forms of words and there exits no qualitative differences between the two kinds of aphasics in morphological disorders.

Key words: morphological disorder, Broca's aphasia, conduction aphasia

崔刚. (2000). 布洛卡氏和传导性失语症患者的词汇障碍. 心理学报, 32(增刊), 113-120.

Gang Cui. (2000). MORPHOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF BROCA'S AND CONDUCTION APHASICS. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 32(增刊), 113-120.

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