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Abstract: Both Marxism and humanistic psychology have discussed the problem ofhuman essence and its actualization. They have some views in common, butthe main points are different. They both emphasize the social nature of man,but humanistic psychology pays more attention on the natural basis of it,while Marxism its close relation with social life. They both emphasize thathuman essence will ultimately actualize, but humanistic psychology assumesthe actualization as spontaneous, while Marxism views it in a broad social andhistorical background and concludes that it is essentially an evolving orgrowing process of human practice under the influence of historical develop-ment. The author of this article compares the similarities and the differencesof the two views and discusses several social and psychological problems inconnection with them, such as the role of labor in man's socialization, thefunction of consciousness, the dialectic relation of the absoluteness and rela-tivity of love, the sublation of man's alienation in the development of society,and so on.

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