心理学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9): 1176-1189.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2024.01176
收稿日期:
2023-09-30
发布日期:
2024-06-25
出版日期:
2024-09-25
通讯作者:
赵娜
E-mail:zhaoeve@126.com
基金资助:
ZHAO Na(), DUAN Yujia, ZHANG Hengxing
Received:
2023-09-30
Online:
2024-06-25
Published:
2024-09-25
Contact:
ZHAO Na
E-mail:zhaoeve@126.com
摘要:
由资源稀缺导致的稀缺心态对人们的认知、情感及行为具有重要影响。在稀缺与慷慨行为之间的关系上, 当前研究还未有定论, 对二者矛盾关系背后的作用机制仍缺乏清晰的认知。本研究从自我建构视角下的面子切入, 采用3项研究(5个子研究)探讨了面子意识在稀缺与慷慨行为之间的作用机制。研究结果发现:(1)面子意识在稀缺与慷慨行为的关系中起调节作用:对于面子意识高的个体来说, 资源稀缺情境下他们的慷慨行为增加, 与资源丰富的个体无显著差异; 而对于面子意识低的个体, 其慷慨行为则显著低于资源丰富的个体。(2)资源稀缺个体做出慷慨行为的动机是为护面子, 而非挣面子。本研究在理论上揭示了二者关系的深层心理机制, 有利于厘清稀缺与慷慨行为的矛盾关系。
中图分类号:
赵娜, 段羽佳, 张恒星. (2024). 穷大方:自我建构视角下物质稀缺对慷慨行为的影响. 心理学报, 56(9), 1176-1189.
ZHAO Na, DUAN Yujia, ZHANG Hengxing. (2024). Generosity in poverty: The impact of material scarcity from a self-construction perspective. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 56(9), 1176-1189.
变量 | M (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 性别 | — | 1 | ||||||||
2 年龄 | 31.27(6.88) | — | 1 | |||||||
3 学历 | 5.19(0.58) | — | — | 1 | ||||||
4 婚姻 | 1.74(0.46) | — | — | — | 1 | |||||
5 月收入 | 2.39(0.90) | −0.06 | 0.41** | 0.27** | 0.49** | 1 | ||||
6 贫困心态 | 3.03(1.30) | 0.13* | −0.26** | −0.06 | −0.26** | −0.34** | 1 | |||
7 挣面子 | 4.81(1.31) | 0.08 | −0.19** | 0.06 | −0.06 | 0.04 | 0.20** | 1 | ||
8 护面子 | 3.60(1.48) | −0.03 | −0.33** | −0.06 | −0.32** | −0.31** | 0.36** | 0.46** | 1 | |
9 人际慷慨 | 5.84(0.66) | 0.04 | 0.21** | −0.11 | 0.25** | 0.29** | −0.18** | −0.06 | 0.30** | 1 |
表1 本研究中的描述性统计数据(n = 299)
变量 | M (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 性别 | — | 1 | ||||||||
2 年龄 | 31.27(6.88) | — | 1 | |||||||
3 学历 | 5.19(0.58) | — | — | 1 | ||||||
4 婚姻 | 1.74(0.46) | — | — | — | 1 | |||||
5 月收入 | 2.39(0.90) | −0.06 | 0.41** | 0.27** | 0.49** | 1 | ||||
6 贫困心态 | 3.03(1.30) | 0.13* | −0.26** | −0.06 | −0.26** | −0.34** | 1 | |||
7 挣面子 | 4.81(1.31) | 0.08 | −0.19** | 0.06 | −0.06 | 0.04 | 0.20** | 1 | ||
8 护面子 | 3.60(1.48) | −0.03 | −0.33** | −0.06 | −0.32** | −0.31** | 0.36** | 0.46** | 1 | |
9 人际慷慨 | 5.84(0.66) | 0.04 | 0.21** | −0.11 | 0.25** | 0.29** | −0.18** | −0.06 | 0.30** | 1 |
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