Abstract: PURPOSE: When we perceive external physical stimuli from the environment, the brain must remain somewhat flexible to unaligned stimuli within a specific range, as multisensory signals are subject to different transmission and processing delays. Recent studies have shown that the width of the ‘temporal binding window (TBW)’ can be reduced by perceptual learning. However, to date, the vast majority of studies examining the mechanisms of perceptual learning have focused on experience -dependent effects, failing to reach a consensus on its relationship with the underlying perception influenced by audiovisual illusion.
METHODS: The present study utilized the classic auditory-dominated sound-induced flash illusion (SiFI) paradigm with feedback training to investigate the effect of a 5-day SiFI training on multisensory temporal integration, as evaluated by a simultaneity judgment (SJ) task and temporal order judgment (TOJ) task.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated that participants obtained more accurate multisensory integration, as shown by PSS shifting to 0 ms and a narrowed temporal binding window (TBW) after the 5-day multisensory illusion training. Regarding the temporal perception research paradigm, TOJ is more sensitive to changes in perceptual sensitivity than SJ.
CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with a Bayesian model of causal inference, suggesting that perception learning reduce the susceptibility to SiFI, whilst improving the precision of audiovisual temporal estimation. Our study sheds light on the influence of the fundamental aspect of perceptual sensitivity on multisensory temporal perception.

Key words: Simultaneity judgment, Temporal order judgment, Sound-induced flash illusion, Temporal recalibration, Perceptual sensitivity