亲环境态度与行为的代际传递效应及其机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2023.01254

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环境心理与行为领域的代际传递是可持续发展的重要支点, 主要包括亲环境态度和亲环境行为两方面的代际传递。亲环境态度代际传递的研究主要集中在环境价值观、环境关心、可持续消费态度; 亲环境行为代际传递的研究主要关注节能行为、回收再利用行为、绿色消费行为等。其代际传递涉及三个社会化过程：(1)父母直接或间接传递给子女, 即正向代际传递, 通过榜样学习、家庭沟通及亲子参与的方式; (2)从子女向父母的反向代际传递, 即代际反哺的过程; (3)父母与子女受到共享社会文化环境的影响, 即文化濡化的过程。未来需要加强我国文化背景下亲环境态度和行为的代际传递效应研究, 并深入探讨其内在机制, 以便揭示亲环境态度和行为如何实现代代相传。

关键词: 代际传递, 亲环境态度与行为, 传递机制, 反向代际传递, 文化濡化

Abstract:

Intergenerational transmission in the field of environmental psychology and behaviors is an important fulcrum for sustainable development. Existing studies mainly focus on the intergenerational transmission effects and mechanisms of pro-environmental attitudes (such as environmental values, environmental concern, sustainable consumption attitudes) and pro-environmental behaviors (such as energy saving behaviors, recycling behaviors, green consumption behaviors). Traditional approaches to the study of relationships among generations view ecosocialization as a top-down phenomenon in which parents transmit their attitudes and behaviors to their children in a unidirectional and often deterministic manner. However, although there is evidence of intergenerational correlation between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors, it has not been proved that parents influence children’s pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors through the process of socialization. Family socialization is a dynamic and interactive process, in which parents and children will be reciprocal influences and counterinfluence. (Several theoretical considerations suggest that the influence of parents and children is reciprocal). Children are not only passive receivers of the socialization process, they are also active agents, passing on information and knowledge from schooling, peers and the mass media to their parents. In addition, in most families, parents and children live in a shared socio-cultural context, which further complicates the interpretation of intergenerational correlation. Based on the socialization theory and parent-child values similarity framework, and integrating existing studies, the authors propose a intergenerational transmission framework of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. In this framework, we argue for considering intergenerational correlation as the result of a complex network of mutual influences among parents, children, and their shared environments. The intergenerational transmission has three interdependent pathways of socialization: (1) parents influence their children, through modeling learning, parent-child communication, parent-child participation; (2) children influence their parents, that is, the process of reverse intergenerational transmission; (3) parents and children are influenced by the shared social and cultural environment, that is, the process of cultural acculturation. We argue that the three processes for intergenerational correlation should be viewed as interdependent, compatible, working jointly. Among them, parents influence their children and reverse intergenerational transmission are a dynamic process. The former occurs earliest in childhood and persists into adolescence, while the latter mostly occurs in later adolescence. Future research should be carried out from four aspects. (1) Construct a dynamic model of intergenerational transmission by longitudinally tracking parent-child interactions and children’s developmental trajectories, and explore in depth the potential mechanisms of intergenerational transmission, such as parental characteristics, children’s characteristics, parent-child relationship. (2) Strengthen the research of intergenerational transmission in the context of Chinese culture, and explore in depth the role of horizontal socialization factors (e.g., peer influence, school environmental educations, mass media) in promoting and blocking intergenerational transmission. (3) Explore the potential mechanism of intergenerational transmission in different fields, and summarize the domain universality and domain specificity of intergenerational transmission, in order to better understand the formation and development of individual psychological and behavioral patterns. (4) Future research needs to construct a family-based environmental education mechanism that involves both parents and children generations to promote the application of research results.

Key words: intergenerational transmission, pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors, transmission mechanism, reverse intergenerational transmission, enculturation

中图分类号:

B844

李鑫, 刘振会, 罗杰, 金童林, 贾彦茹, 乌云特娜. (2023). 亲环境态度与行为的代际传递效应及其机制. 心理科学进展 , 31(7), 1254-1268.

LI Xin, LIU Zhenhui, LUO Jie, JIN Tonglin, JIA Yanru, WU Yuntena. (2023). The phenomenon and mechanism of intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. Advances in Psychological Science, 31(7), 1254-1268.

图/表 1

参考文献 90

[1]	池丽萍. (2013). 信任: 父母的代内相似和亲子的代际传递. 心理学报, 45(3), 336-344.
[2]	范航, 李丹丹, 刘燊, 方圣杰, 张林. (2019). 主观幸福感代际传递: 有调节的中介效应. 心理科学, 42(4), 841-847.
[3]	郭苹苹, 辛自强. (2020). 经济态度和行为的代际传递现象及机制. 心理科学进展, 28(7), 1199-1208. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2020.01199
[4]	黄杰, 朱丹, 周丽敏, 刘望. (2022). 核心自我评价的代际传递: 父母支持和子女基本心理需要满足的链式中介作用. 心理与行为研究, 20(4), 515-521. doi: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.04.012
[5]	李启明. (2020). 文化刻板印象, 父母孝道相似性对孝道代际传递的影响. 心理与行为研究, 18(5), 714-720.
[6]	麻书滔, 麦哲豪, 黄郁槐, 麻彦坤. (2021). 情绪智力的代际传递: 有调节的中介模型. 心理科学, 44(5), 1141-1147.
[7]	王建明, 吴龙昌. (2015). 亲环境行为研究中情感的类别、维度及其作用机理. 心理科学进展, 23(12), 2153-2166. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.02153
[8]	吴真. (2019). 代际环境行为互动及其家庭影响因素探析. 中国人口·资源与环境, 29(1), 152-159.
[9]	钟年. (1993). 文化濡化与代沟. 社会学研究, (1), 78-83.
[10]	周晓虹. (2000). 文化反哺: 变迁社会中的亲子传承. 社会学研究, 15(2), 51-66.
[11]	Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions:A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhi & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behavior (pp. 11-39). Heidelberg: Springer.
[12]	Ando, K., Yorifuji, K., Ohnuma, S., Matthies, E., & Kanbara, A. (2015). Transmitting pro-environmental behaviours to the next generation: A comparison between Germany and Japan. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 18(2), 134-144. doi: 10.1111/ajsp.2015.18.issue-2 URL
[13]	Aruta, J. J. B. R., & Paceño, J. L. (2022). Social responsibility facilitates the intergenerational transmission of attitudes toward green purchasing in a non-western country: Evidence from the Philippines. Ecopsychology, 14(1), 37-46. doi: 10.1089/eco.2021.0016 URL
[14]	Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[15]	Barni, D., Alfieri, S., Marta, E., & Rosnati, R. (2013). Overall and unique similarities between parents’ values and adolescent or emerging adult children’s values. Journal of Adolescence, 36(6), 1135-1141. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.09.002 URL
[16]	Besemer, S., Ahmad, S. I., Hinshaw, S. P., & Farrington, D. P. (2017). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the intergenerational transmission of criminal behavior. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 37, 161-178. doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2017.10.004 URL
[17]	Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. London: Routledge.
[18]	Bowen, M. (1966). The use of family theory in clinical practice. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 7(5), 345-374. pmid: 5922263
[19]	Bridgett, D. J., Burt, N. M., Edwards, E. S., & Deater- Deckard, K. (2015). Intergenerational transmission of self- regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 141(3), 602-654. doi: 10.1037/a0038662 pmid: 25938878
[20]	Casaló, L. V., & Escario, J. J. (2016). Intergenerational association of environmental concern: Evidence of parents’ and children’s concern. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 48(1), 65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.09.001 URL
[21]	Cialdini, R. B., & Jacobson, R. P. (2021). Influences of social norms on climate change-related behaviors. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 42, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.01.005 URL
[22]	Collado, S., Evans, G. W., & Sorrel, M. A. (2017). The role of parents and best friends in children’s pro-environmentalism: Differences according to age and gender. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54(12), 27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.09.007 URL
[23]	Collado, S., Staats, H., & Sancho, P. (2019). Normative influences on adolescents’ self-reported pro-environmental behaviors: The role of parents and friends. Environment and Behavior, 51(3), 288-314. doi: 10.1177/0013916517744591
[24]	Damerell, P., Howe, C., & Milner-Gulland, E. J. (2013). Child-orientated environmental education influences adult knowledge and household behaviour. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015016.
[25]	Davidov, M., Knafo-Noam, A., Serbin, L. A., & Moss, E. S. (2015). The influential child: How children affect their environment and influence their own risk and resilience. Development and Psychopathology, 27, 947-951. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000619 pmid: 26439055
[26]	de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2008). Value orientations to explain environmental attitudes and beliefs: How to measure egoistic, altruistic and biospheric value orientations. Environment and Behavior, 40, 330-354. doi: 10.1177/0013916506297831 URL
[27]	Deng, J., Tang, J., Lu, C., Han, B., & Liu, P. (2022). Commitment and intergenerational influence: A field study on the role of children in promoting recycling in the family. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 185, 106403.
[28]	Dong, J., Deng, C., Li, R., & Huang, J. (2017). Moving low-carbon transportation in Xinjiang: Evidence from STIRPAT and rigid regression models. Sustainability, 9(1), 1-25. doi: 10.3390/su9010001 URL
[29]	Dunlap, R. E., & York, R. (2008). The globalization of environmental concern and the limits of the postmaterialist values explanation: Evidence from four multinational surveys. The Sociological Quarterly, 49 (3), 529-563. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-8525.2008.00127.x URL
[30]	Eagles, P. F. J., & Demare, R. (1999). Factors influencing children’s environmental attitudes. The Journal of Environmental Education, 30(4), 33-37. doi: 10.1080/00958969909601882 URL
[31]	Edles, L. D., & Appelrouth, S. (2014). Sociological theory in the classical era: Text and readings. Sage publications.
[32]	Essiz, O., & Mandrik, C. (2021). Intergenerational influence on sustainable consumer attitudes and behaviors: Roles of family communication and peer influence in environmental consumer socialization. Psychology & Marketing, 39(1), 5-26.
[33]	Evans, G. W., Otto, S., & Kaiser, F. G. (2018). Childhood origins of young adult environmental behavior. Psychological Science, 29(5), 679-687. doi: 10.1177/0956797617741894 pmid: 29447064
[34]	Flanagan, C. A. (2013). Teenage citizens: The political theories of the young. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[35]	Flynn, H. K., Felmlee, D. H., & Conger, R. D. (2017). The social context of adolescent friendships: Parents, peers, and romantic partners. Youth & Society, 49(5), 679-705.
[36]	Garcia, F., Serra, E., Garcia, O. F., Martinez, I., & Cruise, E. (2019). A third emerging stage for the current digital society? Optimal parenting styles in Spain, the United States, Germany, and Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(13), 2333.
[37]	Gentina, E., & Muratore, I. (2012). Environmentalism at home: The process of ecological resocialization by teenagers. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 11(2), 162-169. doi: 10.1002/cb.v11.2 URL
[38]	Gong, Y., Li, J., Xie, J., Zhang, L., & Lou, Q. Y. (2021). Will “green” parents have “green” children? The relationship between parents’ and early adolescents’ green consumption values. Journal of Business Ethics, 179(2), 369-385. doi: 10.1007/s10551-021-04835-y
[39]	Grønhøj, A., & Thøgersen, J. (2009). Like father, like son? Intergenerational transmission of values, attitudes, and behaviours in the environmental domain. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(4), 414-421. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.05.002 URL
[40]	Grønhøj, A., & Thøgersen, J. (2012). Action speaks louder than words: The effect of personal attitudes and family norms on adolescents’ pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(1), 292-302. doi: 10.1016/j.joep.2011.10.001 URL
[41]	Grønhøj, A., & Thøgersen, J. (2017). Why young people do things for the environment: The role of parenting for adolescents’ motivation to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54, 11-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.09.005 URL
[42]	Grusec, J. E. (2011). Socialization processes in the family: Social and emotional development. Annual Review of Psychology, 62(1), 243-269. doi: 10.1146/psych.2011.62.issue-1 URL
[43]	Grusec, J. E., & Davidov, M. (2010). Integrating different perspectives on socialization theory and research: A domain-specific approach. Child Development, 81(3), 687-709. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01426.x pmid: 20573097
[44]	Handy, F., Katz-Gerro, T., Greenspan, I., & Vered, Y. (2021). Intergenerational disenchantment? Environmental behaviors and motivations across generations in South Korea. Geoforum, 121, 53-64. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2021.02.020 URL
[45]	Hansen, A. R., & Jacobsen, M. H. (2020). Like parent, like child: Intergenerational transmission of energy consumption practices in Denmark. Energy Research & Social Science, 61, 101341.
[46]	Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8.
[47]	Jia, F., Sorgente, A., & Yu, H. (2022). Parental participation in the environment: Scale validation across parental role, income, and region. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, e788306.
[48]	Jia, F., & Yu, H. (2021). Action, communication, and engagement: How parents “ace” children’s pro-environmental behaviors. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 74, 101575. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101575 URL
[49]	Katz-Gerro, T., Greenspan, I., Handy, F., & Vered, Y. (2019). Environmental behavior in three countries: The role of intergenerational transmission and domains of socialization. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 71, 101343. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.101343 URL
[50]	Knafo-Noam, A., Barni, D., & Schwartz, S. H. (2020). Parent-child value similarity:Broadening from intergenerational transmission to reciprocal influences, genetics, and environmental antecedents. In L. A. Jensen (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of moral development: An interdisciplinary perspective (pp. 164-185). Oxford Library of Psychology.
[51]	Kuczynski, L., & Parkin, C. M. (2007). Agency and bidirectionality in socialization. In J. E. Grusec & P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research (pp. 259-283). NY: Guilford.
[52]	Litina, A., Moriconi, S., & Zanaj, S. (2016). The cultural transmission of environmental values: A comparative approach. World Development, 84, 131-148. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.03.016 URL
[53]	Liu, J., Chen, Q., & Dang, J. (2022). New intergenerational evidence on reverse socialization of environmental literacy. Sustainability Science, 17, 2543-2555. doi: 10.1007/s11625-022-01194-z
[54]	Maccoby, E. E. (2007). Historical overview of socialization research and theory. Handbook of socialization: Theory and research, 13-41.
[55]	Matthies, E., Selge, S., & Klöckner, C. A. (2012). The role of parental behaviour for the development of behaviour specific environmental norms-the example of recycling and reuse behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(3), 277-284. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.04.003 URL
[56]	Mandrik, C. A., Fern, E. F., & Bao, Y. (2005). Intergenerational influence: Roles of conformity to peers and communication effectiveness. Psychology & Marketing, 22(10), 813-832. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6793 URL
[57]	Mandrik, C., Bao, Y., & Wang, S. (2018). A cross‐national study of intergenerational influence: US and PRC. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 35(1), 91-104.
[58]	Meeusen, C. (2014). The intergenerational transmission of environmental concern: The influence of parents and communication patterns within the family. The Journal of Environmental Education, 45(2), 77-90. doi: 10.1080/00958964.2013.846290 URL
[59]	Netuveli, G., & Watts, P. (2020). Pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes are associated with health, well-being and life satisfaction in multiple occupancy households in the UK household longitudinal study. Population and Environment, 41(3), 347-371. doi: 10.1007/s11111-020-00337-7
[60]	Oh, R. R. Y., Fielding, K. S., Nghiem, L. T. P., Chang, C. C., Carrasco, L. R, & Fuller, R. A. (2021). Connection to nature is predicted by family values, social norms and personal experiences of nature. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28, e01632.
[61]	Otto, S., Evans, G. W., Moon, M. J., & Kaiser, F. G. (2019). The development of children’s environmental attitude and behavior. Global Environmental Change, 58, 101947. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101947 URL
[62]	Parke, R. D., & Buriel, R. (2008). Socialization in the family: Ethnic and ecological perspectives. Child and Adolescent Development: An Advanced Course, 95-138.
[63]	Parth, S., Schickl, M., Keller, L., & Stoetter, J. (2020). Quality child-parent relationships and their impact on intergenerational learning and multiplier effects in climate change education. Are we bridging the knowledge-action gap? Sustainability, 12 (17), 7030.
[64]	Perlman, S. B., Lunkenheimer, E., Panlilio, C., & Pérez- Edgar, K. (2022). Parent-to-child anxiety transmission through dyadic social dynamics: A dynamic developmental model. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 25(1), 110-129. doi: 10.1007/s10567-022-00391-7 pmid: 35195833
[65]	Pinquart, M., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2004). Transmission of values from adolescents to their parents: The role of value content and authoritative parenting. Adolescence, 39(153), 83-100. pmid: 15230068
[66]	Rachmatullah, A., Lee, J.-K., & Ha, M. (2019). Preservice science teachers’ ecological value orientation: A comparative study between Indonesia and Korea. The Journal of Environmental Education, 15(1), 14-28.
[67]	Rakotomamonjy, S. N., Jones, J. P. G., Razafimanahaka, J. H., Ramamonjisoa, B., & Williams, S. J. (2015). The effects of environmental education on children’s and parents’ knowledge and attitudes towards lemurs in rural Madagascar. Animal Conservation, 18(2), 157-166. doi: 10.1111/acv.2015.18.issue-2 URL
[68]	Rhead, R., Elliot, M., & Upham, P. (2015). Assessing the structure of UK environmental concern and its association with pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 43, 175-183. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.06.002 URL
[69]	Rosa, C. M., Marks, L. D., LeBaron, A. B., & Hill, E. J. (2018). Multigenerational modeling of money management. Journal of Financial Therapy, 9(2), 54-74.
[70]	Sabol, T. J., Sommer, T. E., Chase-Lansdale, P. L., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2021). Intergenerational economic mobility for low-income parents and their children: A dual developmental science framework. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 265-292. doi: 10.1146/psych.2021.72.issue-1 URL
[71]	Salazar, C., Jaime, M., Leiva, M., & González, N. (2022). From theory to action: Explaining the process of knowledge attitudes and practices regarding the use and disposal of plastic among school children. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 80, 101777. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101777 URL
[72]	Schindler, R. M., Lala, V., & Corcoran, C. (2014). Intergenerational influence in consumer deal proneness. Psychology & Marketing, 31(5), 307-320. doi: 10.1002/mar.20696 URL
[73]	Schmitt, M. T., Aknin, L. B., Axsen, J., & Shwom, R. L. (2018). Unpacking the relationships between pro- environmental behavior, life satisfaction, and perceived ecological threat. Ecological Economics, 143, 130-140. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.07.007 URL
[74]	Schönpflug, U. (2001). Intergenerational transmission of values: The role of transmission belts. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(2), 174-185. doi: 10.1177/0022022101032002005 URL
[75]	Scopelliti, M., Barni, D., & Rinallo, E. (2022). My parents taught…green was my growth! The role of intergenerational transmission of ecological values in young adults’ pro-environmental behaviors and their psychosocial mechanisms. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1670.
[76]	Sears, D. O. (1983). The person-positivity bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(2), 233-250. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.44.2.233 URL
[77]	Serbin, L. A., Kingdon, D., Ruttle, P. L., & Stack, D. M. (2015). The impact of children’s internalizing and externalizing problems on parenting: Transactional processes and reciprocal change over time. Development and Psychopathology, 27(4), 969-986. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000632 URL
[78]	Singh, P., Sahadev, S., Oates, C. J., & Alevizou, P. (2020). Pro-environmental behavior in families: A reverse socialization perspective. Journal of Business Research, 115, 110-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.047 URL
[79]	Tam, K.-P., Lee, S.-L., Kim, Y.-H., Li, Y. M., & Chao, M. M. (2012). Intersubjective model of value transmission: Parents using perceived norms as reference when socializing children. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(8), 1041-1052. doi: 10.1177/0146167212443896 pmid: 22539215
[80]	Trommsdorff, G. (2012). Development of “agentic” regulation in cultural context: The role of self and world views. Child Development Perspectives, 6(1), 19-26. doi: 10.1111/cdep.2012.6.issue-1 URL
[81]	Valdez, R. X., Peterson, M. N., & Stevenson, K. T. (2018). How communication with teachers, family and friends contributes to predicting climate change behaviour among adolescents. Environmental Conservation, 45(2), 183-191. doi: 10.1017/S0376892917000443 URL
[82]	van Ijzendoorn, M. H., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2019). Bridges across the intergenerational transmission of attachment gap. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 31-36. doi: S2352-250X(18)30036-8 pmid: 29529480
[83]	Verachtert, S. (2022). Family congruence in sustainability attitudes and behaviour: An analysis of a household survey in Belgium. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-27.
[84]	Volland, B. (2013). On the intergenerational transmission of preferences. Journal of Bioeconomics, 15(3), 217-249. doi: 10.1007/s10818-012-9149-x URL
[85]	Wallis, H., & Klöckner, C. (2018). The transmission of energy-saving behaviors in the family: A multilevel approach to the assessment of aggregated and single energy-saving actions of parents and adolescents. Environment and Behavior, 52(3), 275-304. doi: 10.1177/0013916518802342 URL
[86]	Whitburn, J., Linklater, W., & Abrahamse, W. (2019). Meta-analysis of human connection to nature and pro- environmental behavior. Conservation Biology, 34(1), 180-193. doi: 10.1111/cobi.v34.1 URL
[87]	Wiseman, M., & Bogner, F. X. (2003). A higher-order model of ecological values and its relationship to personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(5), 783-794. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00071-5 URL
[88]	Xia, W., & Li, L. M. W. (2022). Multilevel evidence for the parent-adolescent dyadic effect of familiarity with climate change on pro-environmental behaviors in 14 societies: Moderating effects of societal power distance and individualism. Environment and Behavior, 54(7-8), 1097-1132. doi: 10.1177/00139165221129550 URL
[89]	Yadav, R., & Pathak, G. S. (2016). Young consumers’ intention towards buying green products in a developing nation: Extending the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 135, 732-739. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.120 URL
[90]	Žukauskienė, R., Truskauskaitė-Kunevičiene, I., Gabė, V., & Kaniušonytė, G. (2021). “My words matter” : The role of adolescents in changing pro-environmental habits in the family. Environment and Behavior, 53(10), 1140-1162. doi: 10.1177/0013916520953150 URL