ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 238-251.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00238

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

注视者及观察者因素对注视知觉的影响

霍鹏辉1,2, 冯成志2, 陈庭继2()   

  1. 1苏州科技大学土木工程学院, 苏州 215011
    2苏州大学教育学院心理学系, 苏州 215123
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-01 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2020-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 陈庭继 E-mail:chentjpsych@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200863)

The influence of gazer and observer factors on gaze perception

HUO Penghui1,2, FENG Chengzhi2, CHEN Tingji2()   

  1. 1School of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
    2Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
  • Received:2020-05-01 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2020-12-29
  • Contact: CHEN Tingji E-mail:chentjpsych@163.com

摘要:

注视知觉既包括识别他人对周围环境的注视位置, 也包括对他人是否在注视自己(即直视)的感知。诸多研究表明, 注视知觉过程受来自目光发出者与感知者多种因素的影响。从眼神沟通中不同角色角度出发, 将这些影响因素分为注视者因素和观察者因素。具体而言, 注视者因素主要探讨了眼部及头部物理特征及面孔情绪与吸引力对注视知觉的影响。而观察者因素则探讨了个体的心理或精神障碍、个体当前状态特征及观察者的性别、种族及文化差异对注视知觉的影响。未来研究可以从创新实验设计与任务出发, 探讨注视者刺激的实验材料与观察者特征的临床应用及跨文化差异等方面的问题。

关键词: 社交信号, 注视知觉, 社会性注意, 面孔情绪

Abstract:

Gaze perception includes both recognizing the location where another person gazes at in the surrounding environment and the judgment of whether another person is looking at ourselves or not. Previous studies have shown that gaze perception is influenced by many factors from the perspectives of the gazer and observer. In this paper, we reviewed and discussed these factors. Specifically, from the perspective of the gazer, we discussed the influence of the gazers’ facial emotions and attractiveness and the physical characteristics of the eyes and the head on gaze perception. From the perspective of the observer, we discussed the influence of individuals’ psychological disorders, current states, and the observer’s gender, race and culture differences on gaze perception. Future research could develop innovative experimental designs and tasks to explore more about the role of stimulus type, the clinical application, and cross-cultural differences in the field of gaze perception.

Key words: social signals, gaze perception, social attention, facial emotion

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