常人疾病观及其对医患关系的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.00676

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

常人疾病观是普通人对于某一疾病的认知、解释和态度的集合。与专业医务人员相比, 普通人更关注心理、家庭和社会因素而非生物学因素的致病作用, 就医选择多元而并不遵循标准化的就医模式, 同时更愿意将疾病体验视为个人生活的特殊问题加以建构性理解。常人疾病观与科学医学观之间的不一致性可能降低患者的就医满意、对医信任和医嘱依从性, 从而影响治疗效果。立足中国社会的医学文化与医疗制度, 研究中国人的常人疾病观, 并探讨其对医患关系的影响作用与社会心理机制, 可为改善当下中国医患关系紧张现状提供有益建议。

关键词: 常人理论, 常人疾病观, 医患关系, 医患沟通

Abstract:

Lay theories of illness are a collection of lay people’s knowledge, explanations, and attitudes toward a particular disease. Compared with medical professionals, lay people are more concerned with the pathogenic effects of psychological, family and social factors than biological factors. They choose diverse medical treatments rather than follow the standardized medical model; they are more willing to treat the disease experience as a special issue of personal life and develop a constructive understanding. The discrepancies between lay theories of illness and scientific medical theories can lower patient’s satisfaction with medical care, trust in medical practitioners, and adherence to doctor’s advice, thereby affecting treatment outcomes. It is believed that studying Chinese lay theories of illness, their impact on doctor-patient relationships and the social psychological mechanism thereof, in the context of the Chinese medical culture and medical system, will provide useful suggestions for reducing the current tension between doctors and patients in China.

Key words: lay theories, lay theories of illness, doctor-patient relationships, doctor-patient communication

中图分类号:

R395

吕小康, 唐磊, 姜鹤, 汪新建. (2019). 常人疾病观及其对医患关系的影响. 心理科学进展 , 27(4), 676-688.

LÜ Xiaokang, TANG Lei, JIANG He, WANG Xinjian. (2019). Lay theories of illness and their influences on doctor-patient relationships. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(4), 676-688.

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