ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (12): 2072-2084.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.02072

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

口语产生中的认知年老化及其神经机制

杨群1;张清芳1,2   

  1. (1中国人民大学心理学系, 北京 100872) (2中国科学院心理研究所, 北京 100101)
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-18 出版日期:2015-12-15 发布日期:2015-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 张清芳, E-mail: Qingfang.zhang@ruc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(No. 14NXLF12)成果和国家自然科学基金(31170977, 31471074)资助, 中国人民大学2014年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划成果。

Aging of Speech Production: Behavioral and Neural Mechanisms

YANG Qun1; ZHANG Qingfanf1,2   

  1. (1 Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)
    (2 Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)
  • Received:2015-04-18 Online:2015-12-15 Published:2015-12-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Qingfanf, E-mail: Qingfang.zhang@ruc.edu.cn

PDF (PC)

1688

被引次数

1

摘要：

综述了口语产生的认知年老化现象及其认知神经机制, 总结了年龄因素对口语产生各阶段的影响及认知机制, 主要从从舌尖效应、同音词的图片命名及其启动效应等方面进行了阐述。在此基础上阐述了关于口语产生认知年老化的理论：激活不充分假说、传递不足假说和抑制不足假说, 从不同角度对认知年老化进行了分析。总结了采用fMRI和ERP技术所进行的口语产生认知年老化过程的认知神经科学研究, 概括了其认知神经机制及其发生的时间进程, 重点阐述了舌尖效应发生的神经机制。最后, 从“认知年老化”和“口语产生”这两个研究领域, 对口语产生认知年老化的研究提出了展望。

关键词: 口语产生, 认知年老化, 激活不充分假说, 传递不足假说, 抑制不足假说

Abstract:

Studies in aging of speech production from the aspects of behavioral and neural mechanisms are reviewed. We summarize that how the variable of age affects speech production, and mainly focus on the phenomena of the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT), homophone picture naming, homophone priming effect and the interaction between the variable of age and linguistic features such as AoA, frequencies of target names or participants’ characteristics (i.e., bilinguals). The findings indicate that the older presents deficits during phonological encoding in speech production. The theories of aging in speech production are introduced in details: Insufficient Activation Hypothesis (IAH), Transmission Deficits Hypothesis (TDH), and Inhibitory Deficit Hypothesis (IDH). In recent years, neurocognitive study has seen a major change by fMRI and ERP technologies, which provides the spatial and temporal neurocognitive signatures for aging of speech production. Finally, we propose the main questions from the perspectives of aging and speech production studies.

Key words: speech production, aging, Insufficient Activation Hypothesis (IAH), Transmission Deficits Hypothesis (TDH), Inhibitory Deficit Hypothesis (IDH)