Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by a pattern of noncompliant, argumentative, angry, hostile and defiant behavior. According to previous studies regarding family factors affecting ODD, these factors can be broken down as follows: whole family interaction including socioeconomic status of family, family environment, family interaction factors including parenting, couple relationship, and individual psychological factors including parents’ stress, mental health, psychological control, child’s intelligence, personality, and other behavioral and emotional problems highly related to ODD. For effective prevention and intervention, previous studies have suggested Parent Management Training programs (PMT) and its variations. These variations programs included: Helping the Noncompliant Child, Parent–Child Interaction Therapy, Incredible Years Training Series and Triple P-Positive Parenting Program. Future research can be conducted from an integrated perspective that also utilizes observational methodology and considers the special characteristics of Chinese families, such as only child, grandparents as main caregivers, etc.
