Abstract: Inductive reasoning is the process to infer general knowledge from specific instances. Cognitive neural mechanism of inductive reasoning is the new direction in the current researching field. Analyses of existing findings reveal that: (1) the central process of inductive reasoning is closely associated with the prefrontal cortex and late ERP component; (2) there might be dual systems of inductive reasoning; (3) it is debatable whether the process of inductive reasoning shows left laterality. The above three issues remain open to further investigation on neural mechanism of inductive reasoning.

Key words: inductive reasoning, neural mechanism, prefrontal cortex, late ERP component, dual systems, laterality