Abstract: efore psychological aiding, a questionnaire survey on suffering condition, resilience and posttraumatic stress response was conducted among the students of a special compulsory education school in Dujiangyan, Sichuan Province. The purpose was to explore the unique and the interactive influence of suffering condition and resilience on PTSR, and then provide reference for psychological aiding. The results showed: (1) One and half months after earthquake, 32% students in this had serious PTSR; (2) The students whose relative died in the earthquake had more severe intrusion, avoidance, hyper arousal and PTSR than those whose relatives were safety；(3) Two dimensions of resilience, positive cognition and trust, had negative predictable functions on students’ PTSR; (4) Social support, another dimension of resilience, moderated the negative effect of relative loss on PTSR

Key words: primary and middle school students, suffering condition, resilience, posttraumatic stress response