Abstract: Lead has strong neurodevelopmental toxicity; even low-level lead exposure has negative effects on individual development. Research has shown that lead exposure could result in physical defects, cognitive decline and social emotion disorders, especially during the critical period of development. The effect of blood lead on children is persistent and is resistant to interventions. Studies reveal that the best way to prevent lead poisoning is to take precautions against lead exposure. This article also points to future directions for examining the mechanisms of how lead poisoning affects children’s cognitive, socio-emotional and brain development.

Key words: blood lead, child, cognition, social behavior, susceptibility, persistence