Abstract: Some researchers suggest that the ability of acquiring and storinginformation in the nervous systsm should be coded by genes. If certainsingle gene mutation on learning and memory can be dissociated, thenone might identify the gene and their products and thus elucidate the mo-lecular mechanism of learning and memory. Drosophila fits very well tothis research. This research has opened a complete new area in the studyof the neurobiological basis of learning and memory. This article is divided into three parts. The first part narrates themutants with defects in learning and memory. The second part ismolecular lesion. The third part includes three topics. 1.The definitionof mutant with defects in learning and memory. 2.The generality of theeffects on learning and memory. 3. The exploration of mechanisms.

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