Abstract: A comparison was made on certain differences in individualitybetween 5 to 7-year-old onlies and non-onlies at six day-care centersin the urban areas of Beijing. The subjects were 138 onlies and 127 non-onlies, including 120 boysand 145 girls. Five categories of behaviors, namely: independency, helpfulness,dependency, aggressiveness and friendliness were observed, involving 16items in total. In the three age groups, the average scores on dependency, helpfulnessand aggressiveness of the non-onlies were, in most cases, slightly higherthan those of the onlies, difference is not statistically significant.Only the difference in dependency between the onlies and non-onliesin the 5-year-old group was significant (P<0.005). A detailed analysisof the questionaires returned from the subjects' parents led to similarresults. We also made comparisons between sex-based differences. Itrevealed that except for the item on helpful behavior, there weresignificant differences between. sexes on dependency, independency,aggressiveness and friendliness. Girls were more friendly and boys weremore aggressive.

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